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- World_War_I_reparations abstract "World War I reparations were compensation imposed during the Paris Peace Conference upon the Central Powers following their defeat in the First World War by the Allied and Associate Powers. Each of the defeated powers was required to make payments in either cash or kind. Because of the financial situation Austria, Hungary, and Turkey found themselves in after the war, few to no reparations were paid and the requirements for reparations were cancelled. Bulgaria, having paid only a fraction of what was required, saw her reparation figure reduced and then cancelled. Historians have recognized the German requirement to pay reparations as the "chief battleground of the post-war era" and "the focus of the power struggle between France and Germany over whether the Versailles Treaty was to be enforced or revised".The Treaty of Versailles and the 1921 London Schedule of Payments required Germany to pay 132 billion gold marks (US$33 billion) in reparations to cover civilian damage caused during the war. This figure was divided into three categories of bonds: A, B, and C. Of these, Germany was only required to pay towards 'A' and 'B' bonds totalling 50 billion marks (US$12.5 billion). The remaining 'C' bonds, which Germany did not have to pay, were designed to deceive the Anglo-French public into believing Germany was being heavily fined and punished for the war.Because of the lack of reparation payments by Germany, France occupied the Ruhr in 1923 to enforce payments, causing an international crisis that resulted in the implementation of the Dawes Plan in 1924. This plan outlined a new payment method and raised international loans to help Germany to meet her reparation commitments. Despite this, by 1928 Germany called for a new payment plan, resulting in the Young Plan that established the German reparation requirements at 112 billion marks (US$26.3 billion) and created a schedule of payments that would see Germany complete payments by 1988. With the collapse of the German economy in 1931, reparations were suspended for a year and in 1932 during the Lausanne Conference they were cancelled altogether. Between 1919 and 1932, Germany paid less than 21 billion marks in reparations.The German people saw reparations as a national humiliation; the German Government worked to undermine the validity of the Treaty of Versailles and the requirement to pay. British economist John Maynard Keynes called the treaty a Carthaginian peace that would economically destroy Germany. His arguments had a profound effect on historians, politicians, and the public at large. Despite Keynes' arguments and those by later historians supporting or reinforcing Keynes' views, the consensus of contemporary historians is that reparations were not as intolerable as the Germans or Keynes had suggested and were within Germany's capacity to pay had there been the political will to do so.".
- World_War_I_reparations thumbnail Mass_demonstration_in_front_of_the_Reichstag_against_the_Treaty_of_Versailles.jpg?width=300.
- World_War_I_reparations wikiPageExternalLink login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=70292413&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
- World_War_I_reparations wikiPageExternalLink 1291566833?accountid=14697.
- World_War_I_reparations wikiPageID "33112".
- World_War_I_reparations wikiPageRevisionID "644835549".
- World_War_I_reparations group "Note".
- World_War_I_reparations hasPhotoCollection World_War_I_reparations.
- World_War_I_reparations name "repnote1".
- World_War_I_reparations subject Category:Aftermath_of_World_War_I_in_Germany.
- World_War_I_reparations subject Category:Reparations.
- World_War_I_reparations subject Category:Treaty_of_Versailles.
- World_War_I_reparations type Thing.
- World_War_I_reparations comment "World War I reparations were compensation imposed during the Paris Peace Conference upon the Central Powers following their defeat in the First World War by the Allied and Associate Powers. Each of the defeated powers was required to make payments in either cash or kind. Because of the financial situation Austria, Hungary, and Turkey found themselves in after the war, few to no reparations were paid and the requirements for reparations were cancelled.".
- World_War_I_reparations label "Deutsche Reparationen nach dem Ersten Weltkrieg".
- World_War_I_reparations label "Duitse herstelbetalingen na de Eerste Wereldoorlog".
- World_War_I_reparations label "Réparations de la Première Guerre mondiale".
- World_War_I_reparations label "World War I reparations".
- World_War_I_reparations label "第一次世界大戦の賠償".
- World_War_I_reparations label "독일의 전후 배상 문제".
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs Deutsche_Reparationen_nach_dem_Ersten_Weltkrieg.
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs Réparations_de_la_Première_Guerre_mondiale.
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs 第一次世界大戦の賠償.
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs 독일의_전후_배상_문제.
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs Duitse_herstelbetalingen_na_de_Eerste_Wereldoorlog.
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs m.08200.
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs Q687013.
- World_War_I_reparations sameAs Q687013.
- World_War_I_reparations wasDerivedFrom World_War_I_reparations?oldid=644835549.
- World_War_I_reparations depiction Mass_demonstration_in_front_of_the_Reichstag_against_the_Treaty_of_Versailles.jpg.
- World_War_I_reparations isPrimaryTopicOf World_War_I_reparations.