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- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz abstract "José María Castro Madriz (September 1, 1818 – April 4, 1892) was a Costa Rican lawyer, academic, diplomat, and politician. He served twice as President of Costa Rica, from 1847 to 1849, and from 1866 to 1868. On both occasions he was prevented from completing his term of office by military coups. During his first administration, on 31 August 1848, he formally declared Costa Rica an independent republic, definitively severing Costa Rica's ties to the moribund Federal Republic of Central America.Castro was born in Jamaica and educated at the University of León, in Nicaragua, where he graduated as bachelor of philosophy and doctor of law. He occupied many public offices throughout his life, both before and after serving as President. He was the rector of the national University (which he had helped to create) for sixteen years, and served several administrations as cabinet minister and ambassador. He also presided over the judiciary (as chief judge of the Supreme Court of Justice from 1860 to 1866 and from 1870 to 1873) and the legislature (as president of the Congress of Deputies in 1844-1845 and of the fourth Constitutional Convention in 1859), making him the only other Costa Rican besides Ricardo Jiménez to have headed all three branches of the government.An active Freemason, Castro was consistently critical of the political influence of the Roman Catholic Church. He was also a strong defender of freedom of the press at a time when many Costa Rican governments practiced widespread censorship. His constitutional reform of 1848, however, established the most restricted suffrage that ever existed in independent Costa Rica. As president his lack of a committed political base made him an easy target for overthrow by the military. As the minister of foreign affairs, education, justice, public aid, and religious affairs, Castro was the most influential figure in the government of his brother-in-law, President Próspero Fernández (1882–1885), and he was largely responsible for the anti-clerical legislation adopted by that government.He was married to Pacífica Fernández, who designed the 1848 version of the Costa Rican flag. His daughter Cristina Fernández Castro married Minor C. Keith in 1883. Their grandson, Rafael Yglesias, served as President of Costa Rica from 1894 to 1902.At age 29, he was the youngest person to serve as president of Costa Rica.".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz birthDate "1818-09-01".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz birthPlace San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz deathDate "1892-04-04".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz deathPlace San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica.
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- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz wikiPageID "454437".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz wikiPageRevisionID "636159296".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz birthDate "1818-09-01".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz birthPlace San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz dateOfBirth "1818-09-01".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz dateOfDeath "1892-04-04".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz deathDate "1892-04-04".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz deathPlace San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz hasPhotoCollection José_María_Castro_Madriz.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz name "Castro Madriz, José María".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz name "José María Castro".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz office List_of_Presidents_of_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz party Liberalism.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz placeOfBirth San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz placeOfDeath San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz predecessor Jes%C3%BAs_Jim%C3%A9nez_Zamora.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz predecessor Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Alfaro_Zamora.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz shortDescription "Costa Rican politician".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz successor Jes%C3%BAs_Jim%C3%A9nez_Zamora.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz successor Juan_Rafael_Mora_Porras.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz termEnd "1849-11-16".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz termEnd "1868-11-01".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz termStart "1847-05-08".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz termStart "1866-05-08".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz description "Costa Rican politician".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz subject Category:1818_births.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz subject Category:1892_deaths.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz subject Category:19th-century_Costa_Rican_people.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz subject Category:Costa_Rican_people_of_Galician_descent.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz subject Category:People_from_San_Jos%C3%A9,_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz subject Category:Presidents_of_Costa_Rica.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz subject Category:Vice_Presidents_of_Costa_Rica.
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- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz comment "José María Castro Madriz (September 1, 1818 – April 4, 1892) was a Costa Rican lawyer, academic, diplomat, and politician. He served twice as President of Costa Rica, from 1847 to 1849, and from 1866 to 1868. On both occasions he was prevented from completing his term of office by military coups.".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz label "José María Castro Madriz".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz label "José María Castro Madriz".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz label "José María Castro Madriz".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz label "José María Castro Madriz".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz label "José María Castro Madriz".
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- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz sameAs José_María_Castro_Madriz.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz wasDerivedFrom José_María_Castro_Madriz?oldid=636159296.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz depiction Jose_Maria_Castro_Madriz.jpg.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz givenName "José María".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz isPrimaryTopicOf José_María_Castro_Madriz.
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz name "José María Castro Madriz".
- Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Castro_Madriz surname "Castro Madriz".