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• COBOL abstract "COBOL (/ˈkoʊbɒl/, an acronym for common business-oriented language) is a compiled English-like computer programming language designed for business use. It is imperative, procedural and, since 2002, object-oriented. COBOL is primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments. In 1997, Gartner Group estimated that there were a total of 200 billion lines of COBOL in existence which ran 80% of all business programs. More recently, though COBOL is still widely used in legacy applications deployed on mainframe computers, many businesses have migrated to languages like Java and Visual Basic, interactive environments like spreadsheets and cleaner data formats like comma-separated values, XML and JSON.COBOL was designed in 1959 by the Conference on Data Systems Languages (CODASYL) and was largely based on previous programming language design work by Grace Hopper, commonly referred to as "the (grand)mother of COBOL". It was created as part of a US Department of Defense effort to create a portable programming language for data processing. Intended as a temporary stopgap, the Department of Defense promptly forced computer manufacturers to provide it, resulting in its widespread adoption. It was standardized in 1968 and has since been revised four times. Expansions include support for structured and object-oriented programming. The current standard is ISO/IEC 1989:2014.COBOL has an English-like syntax which was designed to be self-documenting and highly readable. However, it is verbose and uses over 300 reserved words. In contrast with modern, succinct notation like y = x;, COBOL uses MOVE x TO y.COBOL code is split into four divisions (identification, environment, data and procedure) containing a rigid hierarchy of sections, paragraphs and sentences. Lacking a large standard library, the standard specifies 43 statements, 87 functions and just one class.Academic computer scientists were generally uninterested in business applications when COBOL was created, and were not involved in its design.COBOL has been criticized throughout its life for its verbosity, design process and poor support for structured programming, which resulted in monolithic and incomprehensible programs.".
• COBOL bnfId "cb11941315s".
• COBOL individualisedGnd "4010323-7".
• COBOL influenced I.
• COBOL influencedBy Air_Force_Materiel_Command.
• COBOL influencedBy C++.
• COBOL influencedBy COMTRAN.
• COBOL influencedBy FACT_(computer_language).
• COBOL influencedBy FLOW-MATIC.
• COBOL influencedBy Smalltalk.
• COBOL latestReleaseVersion "ISO/IEC 1989:2014".
• COBOL lccnId "sh/85/027548".
• COBOL thumbnail Grace_Hopper.jpg?width=300.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink k-8-u2776-Honeywell-mag-History-Cobol.pdf.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink books?id=5Jaa1BVverIC&pg=PA104.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink books?id=BrEo9KtAQH4C&pg=RA1-PA61.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink books?id=G6a2tSuOoq8C&pg=PA47.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink books?id=u5KKwGjulEwC&pg=PA282.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink cobolstandard.info.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink History.pdf.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink GNU%20COBOL%202.1%2023NOV2013%20Programmers%20Guide%20(US%20Letter).pdf.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink ISEDJ.1(52).Carr.pdf.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink cobolv200112.zip.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink ISO-IECJTC1-SC22_N4561_ISO_IEC_FCD_1989__Information_technol.pdf.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink codasylcoboljour00conf.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink dosvsCOBOLCompile.php.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink cobolv200112.zip.
• COBOL wikiPageExternalLink History.pdf.
• COBOL wikiPageID "6799".
• COBOL wikiPageRevisionID "645654591".
• COBOL align "right".
• COBOL bnf "1.1941315E7".
• COBOL date "January 2015".
• COBOL designers ", , , , ,".
• COBOL developers American_National_Standards_Institute.
• COBOL developers CODASYL.
• COBOL developers International_Organization_for_Standardization.
• COBOL dialects "ACUCOBOL-GT, COBOL-IT, COBOL/2, DEC COBOL-10, DEC VAX COBOL, DOSVS COBOL, Fujitsu COBOL, Hitachi COBOL2002, HP3000 COBOL/II, IBM COBOL SAA, IBM COBOL/400, IBM COBOL/II, IBM Enterprise COBOL, IBM ILE COBOL, IBM OS/VS COBOL, ICL COBOL, isCOBOL, Micro Focus COBOL, Microsoft COBOL, Realia COBOL, Ryan McFarland RM/COBOL, Ryan McFarland RM/COBOL-85, Tandem COBOL85, Tandem SCOBOL, UNIVAC COBOL, Unisys MCP COBOL74, Unisys MCP COBOL85, Unix COBOL X/Open, Visual COBOL, Wang VS COBOL".
• COBOL fileExt ", ,".
• COBOL gnd "4010323".
• COBOL hasPhotoCollection COBOL.
• COBOL implementations ",".
• COBOL influenced "CobolScript, PL/I".
• COBOL influencedBy "AIMACO, C++, COMTRAN, FACT, FLOW-MATIC, Smalltalk".
• COBOL latestReleaseDate "2014".
• COBOL latestReleaseVersion "7161614.0".
• COBOL lccn "sh/85/027548".
• COBOL name "COBOL".
• COBOL paradigm Imperative_programming.
• COBOL paradigm Object-oriented_programming.
• COBOL paradigm Procedural_programming.
• COBOL qouted "1".
• COBOL quote "'And what name do you want inscribed?' I said, 'I'll write it for you.' I wrote the name down: COBOL. 'What kind of name is that?' 'Well it's a Polish name. We shortened it and got rid of a lot of unnecessary notation.'".
• COBOL quote "A weak, verbose, and flabby language used by code grinders to do boring mindless things on dinosaur mainframes. [...] Its very name is seldom uttered without ritual expressions of disgust or horror.".
• COBOL quote "It is rather unlikely that Cobol will be around by the end of the decade.".
• COBOL quoted "1".
• COBOL reason "Cited source is a self-published blog; a third-party source would be more reliable.".
• COBOL reason "While this claim is ubiquitous, the actual Gartner report is needed to verify the claim.".
• COBOL source "Anonymous, June 1960".
• COBOL source "Howard Bromberg on how he bought the COBOL tombstone".
• COBOL source "The Jargon File 4.4.8.".
• COBOL title "COBOL: /koh′bol/, n.".
• COBOL tstyle "text-align: left;".
• COBOL typing Strong_and_weak_typing.
• COBOL typing Type_system.
• COBOL width "30.0".
• COBOL wikibooks "COBOL".
• COBOL wordnet_type synset-programming_language-noun-1.
• COBOL subject Category:.NET_programming_languages.
• COBOL subject Category:COBOL.
• COBOL subject Category:Class-based_programming_languages.
• COBOL subject Category:Cross-platform_software.
• COBOL subject Category:Object-oriented_programming_languages.
• COBOL subject Category:Procedural_programming_languages.
• COBOL subject Category:Programming_languages_created_in_the_1950s.
• COBOL subject Category:Programming_languages_with_an_ISO_standard.
• COBOL subject Category:Statically_typed_programming_languages.
• COBOL type Abstraction100002137.
• COBOL type ArtificialLanguage106894544.
• COBOL type Communication100033020.
• COBOL type Language106282651.
• COBOL type ProgrammingLanguage106898352.
• COBOL type ProgrammingLanguage.
• COBOL type Software.
• COBOL type Work.
• COBOL type CreativeWork.
• COBOL type InformationEntity.
• COBOL type Thing.
• COBOL type Q386724.
• COBOL type Q7397.
• COBOL type Q9143.
• COBOL comment "COBOL (/ˈkoʊbɒl/, an acronym for common business-oriented language) is a compiled English-like computer programming language designed for business use. It is imperative, procedural and, since 2002, object-oriented. COBOL is primarily used in business, finance, and administrative systems for companies and governments. In 1997, Gartner Group estimated that there were a total of 200 billion lines of COBOL in existence which ran 80% of all business programs.".
• COBOL label "COBOL".
• COBOL label "COBOL".
• COBOL label "COBOL".
• COBOL label "COBOL".
• COBOL label "COBOL".
• COBOL label "COBOL".
• COBOL label "COBOL".
• COBOL label "COBOL".

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