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- Ayyubid_dynasty abstract "The Ayyubid dynasty (Kurdish: دەوڵەتی ئەییووبی Dewleta Eyûbiyan; Arabic: الأيوبيون al-ʾAyyūbiyyūn) was a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin, founded by Saladin and centered in Egypt. The dynasty ruled much of the Middle East during the 12th and 13th centuries CE. Saladin had been the vizier of Fatimid Egypt before he brought an end to Fatimid rule in 1171. In 1174, he proclaimed himself Sultan following the death of the Ayyubids' former master, Zengid sultan Nur al-Din. The Ayyubids spent the next decade launching conquests throughout the region and by 1183, the territories under their control included Egypt, Syria, northern Mesopotamia, Hejaz, Yemen, and the North African coast up to the borders of modern-day Tunisia. Most of the Kingdom of Jerusalem fell to Saladin after his victory at the Battle of Hattin in 1187. However, the Crusaders regained control of Palestine's coastline in the 1190s.After the death of Saladin, his sons contested control over the sultanate, but Saladin's brother al-Adil eventually established himself as Sultan in 1200. In the 1230s, the Ayyubid rulers of Syria attempted to assert their independence from Egypt and remained divided until the Sultan as-Salih Ayyub restored Ayyubid unity by taking over most of Syria, except Aleppo, by 1247. By then, local Muslim dynasties had driven out the Ayyubids from Yemen, the Hejaz, and parts of Mesopotamia. After his death in 1249, as-Salih Ayyub was succeeded in Egypt by al-Mu'azzam Turanshah. However, the latter was soon overthrown by the Mamluk generals who had successfully repelled a Crusader invasion of the Nile Delta. This effectively ended Ayyubid power in Egypt and a number of attempts by the rulers of Syria, led by an-Nasir Yusuf of Aleppo, to recover it failed. In 1260, the Mongols sacked Aleppo and wrested control of what remained of the Ayyubid territories soon after. The Mamluks, who forced out the Mongols after the destruction of the Ayyubid dynasty, maintained the Ayyubid principality of Hama until deposing its last ruler in 1341.During their relatively short tenure, the Ayyubids ushered in an era of economic prosperity in the lands they ruled and the facilities and patronage provided by the Ayyubids led to a resurgence in intellectual activity in the Islamic world. This period was also marked by an Ayyubid process of vigorously strengthening Sunni Muslim dominance in the region by constructing numerous madrasas (schools of Islamic law) in their major cities.".
- Ayyubid_dynasty thumbnail Fatimid_flag.svg?width=300.
- Ayyubid_dynasty wikiPageExternalLink bab-albarqiyya-intro.
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- Ayyubid_dynasty wikiPageID "219947".
- Ayyubid_dynasty wikiPageRevisionID "645078988".
- Ayyubid_dynasty borderS "no".
- Ayyubid_dynasty capital Cairo.
- Ayyubid_dynasty commonLanguages Arabic_language.
- Ayyubid_dynasty commonLanguages "Kurdishb".
- Ayyubid_dynasty commonLanguages "Turkishc".
- Ayyubid_dynasty commonName "Ayyubid".
- Ayyubid_dynasty continent "Africa and Asia".
- Ayyubid_dynasty conventionalLongName "Ayyubid Sultanate".
- Ayyubid_dynasty currency Dinar.
- Ayyubid_dynasty flagP "Fatimid flag.svg".
- Ayyubid_dynasty flagP "Vexillum Regni Hierosolymae.svg".
- Ayyubid_dynasty flagP "Zengid dynasty, 1127 - 1183.PNG".
- Ayyubid_dynasty flagS "Mameluke Flag.svg".
- Ayyubid_dynasty footnotes "a A branch of the Ayyubid dynasty ruled Hisn Kayfa until the early 16th century.".
- Ayyubid_dynasty footnotes "b Kurdish was the mother tongue of the early Ayyubid rulers, but from the late 12th century onward members of the dynasty spoke Arabic fluently and abandoned Kurdish.".
- Ayyubid_dynasty footnotes "cThe Ayyubids' military forces were often composed of Turks and Turkmens. Consequently, Turkish was the language used in most Ayyubid armies.".
- Ayyubid_dynasty footnotes "dThe total population of the Ayyubid territories is unknown. This population figure only includes Egypt, Syria, northern Iraq, Palestine and Transjordan. Other Ayyubid territories, including Yemen, the Hejaz, Nubia and eastern Libya are not included.".
- Ayyubid_dynasty governmentType "Sultanate".
- Ayyubid_dynasty hasPhotoCollection Ayyubid_dynasty.
- Ayyubid_dynasty imageFlag "Flag of Ayyubid Dynasty.svg".
- Ayyubid_dynasty imageMap "AyyubidGreatest.png".
- Ayyubid_dynasty imageMapCaption "Greatest extent of the Ayyubid empire under Saladin in 1188".
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader Al-Adil_I.
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader Al-Adil_II.
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader Al-Ashraf_Musa,_Sultan_of_Egypt.
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader Al-Aziz_Uthman.
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader Al-Kamil.
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader Al-Mansur_Nasir_al-Din_Muhammad.
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader As-Salih_Ayyub.
- Ayyubid_dynasty leader Saladin.
- Ayyubid_dynasty nativeName "الأيوبيون".
- Ayyubid_dynasty nativeName "ایوبیان".
- Ayyubid_dynasty p "Fatimid Caliphate".
- Ayyubid_dynasty p "Kingdom of Jerusalem".
- Ayyubid_dynasty p "Zengid dynasty".
- Ayyubid_dynasty region "Middle East".
- Ayyubid_dynasty religion Sunni_Islam.
- Ayyubid_dynasty s "Mamluk Sultanate".
- Ayyubid_dynasty statArea "2000000".
- Ayyubid_dynasty statPop "6.2208E11".
- Ayyubid_dynasty statYear "1190".
- Ayyubid_dynasty statYear "12".
- Ayyubid_dynasty status "Empire".
- Ayyubid_dynasty titleLeader Sultan.
- Ayyubid_dynasty turkishName "Selahaddin Eyyubi".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearEnd "1260".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1174".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1193".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1198".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1200".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1218".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1238".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1240".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearLeader "1250".
- Ayyubid_dynasty yearStart "1171".
- Ayyubid_dynasty subject Category:Ayyubid_dynasty.
- Ayyubid_dynasty subject Category:Former_countries_in_the_Middle_East.
- Ayyubid_dynasty subject Category:Medieval_Cairo.
- Ayyubid_dynasty subject Category:Medieval_Egypt.
- Ayyubid_dynasty subject Category:States_and_territories_disestablished_in_1341.
- Ayyubid_dynasty subject Category:States_and_territories_established_in_1171.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type AdministrativeDistrict108491826.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type Country108544813.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type District108552138.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type FormerCountriesInTheMiddleEast.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type Location100027167.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type Object100002684.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type PhysicalEntity100001930.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type Region108630985.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type StatesAndTerritoriesDisestablishedIn1341.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type StatesAndTerritoriesEstablishedIn1171.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type YagoGeoEntity.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type YagoLegalActorGeo.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type YagoPermanentlyLocatedEntity.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type Country.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type Location_Underspecified.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type PopulatedPlace.
- Ayyubid_dynasty type Thing.
- Ayyubid_dynasty comment "The Ayyubid dynasty (Kurdish: دەوڵەتی ئەییووبی Dewleta Eyûbiyan; Arabic: الأيوبيون al-ʾAyyūbiyyūn) was a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin, founded by Saladin and centered in Egypt. The dynasty ruled much of the Middle East during the 12th and 13th centuries CE. Saladin had been the vizier of Fatimid Egypt before he brought an end to Fatimid rule in 1171. In 1174, he proclaimed himself Sultan following the death of the Ayyubids' former master, Zengid sultan Nur al-Din.".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Aiubtar leinua".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ajjoebiden".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ajjubidzi".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ajjúbidák".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ajjúbovci".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ayyoubides".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ayyubid dynasty".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ayyubiden".
- Ayyubid_dynasty label "Ayyubidi".