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- Raynolds_Expedition abstract "The Raynolds Expedition was a United States Army exploring and mapping expedition intended to map the unexplored territory between Fort Pierre, Dakota Territory and the headwaters of the Yellowstone River. The expedition was led by topographical engineer Captain William F. Raynolds.In early 1859, Raynolds was charged with leading an expedition into the Yellowstone region of Montana and Wyoming to determine, "as far as practicable, everything relating to ... the Indians of the country, its agricultural and mineralogical resources ... the navigability of its streams, its topographical features, and the facilities or obstacles which the latter present to the construction of rail or common roads ...". The expedition was carried out by a handful of technicians, including geologist/naturalist F.V. Hayden, who led several later expeditions to the Yellowstone region, photographer and topographer James D. Hutton and artist and mapmaker Anton Schönborn. Raynold's second-in-command was Lt. Henry E. Maynadier. The expedition was supported by a small infantry detachment of 30 and was funded with $60,000 by the U.S. Government. Experienced mountain man Jim Bridger was hired to guide the expedition.The expedition commenced at St. Louis, Missouri in late May 1859 as the party was transported by two steamboats up the Missouri River to New Fort Pierre, South Dakota. By late June the expedition left Fort Pierre and headed overland, encountering the Crow Indians, exploring the Tongue River and then heading for the Yellowstone River in southern Montana. Raynolds divided his expedition, sending a smaller detachment under Maynadier to explore the Tongue River, a major tributary of the Yellowstone River. James D. Hutton and Zephyr Recontre, the expedition's Sioux interpreter, took a side trip to locate an isolated rock formation that had been seen from great distance by a previous expedition in 1857. Hutton was the first person of European descent to reach the rock formation in northeastern Wyoming, later known as Devils Tower; Raynolds never elaborated on this event, mentioning it only in passing. By September 2, 1859, Raynolds's detachment had followed the Yellowstone River to the confluence with the Bighorn River in south-central Montana. The two parties under Raynolds and Maynadier reunited on October 12, 1859 and wintered at Deer Creek Station, on the Platte River in central Wyoming.In May 1860, the expedition recommenced their explorations, with Raynolds leading a party north and west up the upstream portion of the Bighorn River, which is known today as the Wind River, hoping to cross the Absaroka Range at Togwotee Pass, a mountain pass expedition guide Jim Bridger knew about. Meanwhile, Maynadier led his party back north to the Bighorn River to explore it and its associated tributary streams more thoroughly. The plan was for the two parties to reunite on June 30, 1860 at Three Forks, Montana, so they could make observations of a total solar eclipse forecast for July 18, 1860. Hampered by towering basaltic cliffs and deep snows, Raynolds attempted for over a week to reconnoiter to the top of Togwotee Pass, but was forced south due to the June 30 deadline for reaching Three Forks. Bridger then led the party south over another pass that Raynolds named Union Pass, to the west of which lay Jackson Hole and the Teton Range. From there the expedition went southwest, crossing the southern Teton Range at Teton Pass and entering Pierre's Hole in present day Idaho. Though Raynolds and his party managed to get to Three Forks at the scheduled date, Maynadier's party was several days late, too late to allow a detachment to head north to observe the solar eclipse. The reunited expedition then headed home, traveling from Fort Benton, Montana to Fort Union near the Montana-North Dakota border via steamboat. They then journeyed overland to Omaha, Nebraska where the expedition members were disbanded in October 1860.Though the Raynolds Expedition was unsuccessful in exploring the region that later became Yellowstone National Park, they were the first U.S. Government sponsored party to enter Jackson Hole and observe the Teton Range. The expedition also covered over 2,500 miles (4,000 km) and explored an area of nearly 250,000 square miles (650,000 km2). In a preliminary report sent east in 1859, Raynolds reported that the once abundant bison were being killed for their hides at such an alarming rate, that they might soon become extinct. The outbreak of the American Civil War and a severe illness afterwards delayed Raynolds from presenting his report on the expedition until 1868. The Raynolds Expedition did not gain the attention it may have due to the outbreak of the Civil War in 1861. Overshadowed by subsequent larger events where the nation's objectives were turned away from western exploration and expansion, the geological, cartographical and historical importance of the expedition nearly vanished into obscurity. Botanical collections, as well as fossils and related specimens that were to be sent to the Smithsonian Institution were delayed from being studied and much of the artwork created by Hutton and especially Schönborn was lost, though several of Schönborn's chromolithographs appeared in F.V. Hayden's 1883 report that was submitted after later expeditions.".
- Raynolds_Expedition commander William_F._Raynolds.
- Raynolds_Expedition isPartOfMilitaryConflict Exploration_of_North_America.
- Raynolds_Expedition place Montana.
- Raynolds_Expedition place South_Dakota.
- Raynolds_Expedition place Wyoming.
- Raynolds_Expedition strength "* 20 Civilians.".
- Raynolds_Expedition strength "33 Soldiers.".
- Raynolds_Expedition thumbnail William_F._Raynolds.jpg?width=300.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageID "31774366".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageLength "11649".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageOutDegree "70".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageRevisionID "662876161".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink 2nd_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States).
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Absaroka_Range.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink American_Civil_War.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Anton_Schönborn.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Bighorn_River.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Bison.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:1800s_in_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:1859_in_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:1860_in_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Dakota_Territory.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Exploration_of_North_America.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Explorers_of_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_St._Louis,_Missouri.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_United_States_expansionism.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_the_Northwestern_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_expeditions_of_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:North_American_expeditions.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Presidency_of_James_Buchanan.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Yellowstone_National_Park.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Chromolithography.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Crow_Nation.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Dakota_Territory.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Devils_Tower.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Exploration_of_North_America.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Ferdinand_Vandeveer_Hayden.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Fort_Benton,_Montana.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Fort_Pierre,_South_Dakota.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Fort_Union_Trading_Post_National_Historic_Site.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Idaho.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Jackson_Hole.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink James_D._Hutton.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Jim_Bridger.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Missouri_River.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Montana.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Mountain_man.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Mountain_pass.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink New_Fort_Pierre.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Omaha,_Nebraska.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Pierres_Hole.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Platte_River.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Siouan_languages.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Smithsonian_Institution.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Solar_eclipse.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink South_Dakota.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink St._Louis.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink St._Louis,_Missouri.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Teton_Pass.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Teton_Range.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Three_Forks,_Gallatin_County,_Montana.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Three_Forks,_Montana.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Togwotee_Pass.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Tongue_River_(Montana).
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Union_Pass.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Army.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Army_Corps_of_Engineers.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink William_F._Raynolds.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Wind_River_(Wyoming).
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Wyoming.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Yellowstone_National_Park.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink Yellowstone_River.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink File:Great_Falls_of_the_Missouri_by_J._D._Hutton.jpg.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLink File:Raynolds_Expedition_Map_(1869_Geological).jpg.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLinkText "Raynolds Expedition of 1860".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLinkText "Raynolds Expedition".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLinkText "expedition to Yellowstone".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageWikiLinkText "two-year survey".
- Raynolds_Expedition caption "William F. Raynolds".
- Raynolds_Expedition commander "Henry E. Maynadier".
- Raynolds_Expedition commander "William F. Raynolds".
- Raynolds_Expedition conflict "Raynolds Expedition".
- Raynolds_Expedition date "1859".
- Raynolds_Expedition hasPhotoCollection Raynolds_Expedition.
- Raynolds_Expedition partof "the Exploration of North America".
- Raynolds_Expedition place Montana.
- Raynolds_Expedition place South_Dakota.
- Raynolds_Expedition place Wyoming.
- Raynolds_Expedition strength "33".
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Commons_category.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Convert.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_military_conflict.
- Raynolds_Expedition wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Raynolds_Expedition subject Category:1800s_in_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition subject Category:1859_in_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition subject Category:1860_in_the_United_States.
- Raynolds_Expedition subject Category:Dakota_Territory.
- Raynolds_Expedition subject Category:Exploration_of_North_America.
- Raynolds_Expedition subject Category:Explorers_of_the_United_States.