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- Bank_War abstract "The Bank War refers to the political struggle that developed over the issue of rechartering the Second Bank of the United States (BUS) during the Andrew Jackson administration (1829–1837).Anti-Bank Jacksonian Democrats were mobilized in opposition to the national bank’s re-authorization on the grounds that the institution conferred economic privileges on financial elites, violating U.S. constitutional principles of social equality. The Jacksonians considered the Second Bank of the U.S. to be an illegitimate corporation whose charter violated state sovereignty and therefore it posed an implicit threat to the agriculture-based economy dependent upon the U.S. southern states' widely practiced institution of slavery.With the Bank charter due to expire in 1836, the President of the Bank of the United States, Nicholas Biddle, in alliance with the National Republicans under Senator Henry Clay (KY) and Senator Daniel Webster (MA), decided to make rechartering a referendum on the legitimacy of the institution in the general election of 1832.When Congress voted to reauthorize the Bank, Jackson, as incumbent and candidate in the race, promptly vetoed the bill. His veto message justifying his action was a polemical declaration of the social philosophy of the Jacksonian movement pitting "farmers, mechanics and laborers" against the "monied interest" and arguing against the Bank’s constitutionality. Pro-Bank National Republicans warned the public that Jackson would abolish the Bank altogether if granted a second term.In the presidential campaigns of 1832, the BUS served as the central issue in mobilizing the opposing Jacksonian Democrats and National Republicans. Jackson and Biddle personified the positions on each side. Jacksonians successfully concealed the incompatibility of their "hard money" and "paper money" factions in the anti-Bank campaign, allowing Jackson to score an overwhelming victory against Henry Clay.Fearing economic reprisals from Biddle and the Bank, Jackson moved swiftly to remove federal deposits from the institution. In 1833, he succeeded in distributing the funds to several dozen private banks throughout the country. The new Whig Party emerged in opposition to his perceived abuse of executive power, officially censuring Jackson in the Senate. In an effort to promote sympathy for the institution’s survival, Biddle retaliated by contracting Bank credit, inducing a serious and protracted financial downturn. A reaction set in throughout America’s financial and business centers against Biddle’s economic warfare, compelling the Bank to reverse its tight money policies. By the close of 1834, recharter was a "lost cause."Rather than permitting the Bank to go out of existence, Biddle arranged its conversion to a state chartered corporation in Pennsylvania just weeks before its federal charter expired in March 1836. This episode in the Bank’s decline and fall ended in 1841 with liquidation of the institution. Jackson’s campaign against the Bank had triumphed.".
- Bank_War thumbnail Old_Hickory_and_Bully_Nick.jpg?width=300.
- Bank_War wikiPageID "4021104".
- Bank_War wikiPageLength "68200".
- Bank_War wikiPageOutDegree "80".
- Bank_War wikiPageRevisionID "679578395".
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Albert_Gallatin.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Amos_Kendall.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Andrew_Jackson.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Arthur_M._Schlesinger.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Arthur_M._Schlesinger,_Sr..
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Bray_Hammond.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_banking_in_the_United_States.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Category:History_of_the_United_States_(1789–1849).
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Daniel_Webster.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Livingston.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Elizabeth_R._Varon.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink First_Bank_of_the_United_States.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Francis_Preston_Blair.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink George_Dangerfield.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Hard_money_(policy).
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Henry_Clay.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Jacksonian_Democracy.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Jacksonian_democracy.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink James_K._Polk.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink James_Knox_Polk.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink James_Madison.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink James_Monroe.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink John_C._Calhoun.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink John_Caldwell_Calhoun.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink John_Jacob_Astor.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink John_Quincy_Adams.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Jon_Meacham.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Kitchen_Cabinet.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Laissez-faire.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Laissez_faire.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Louis_McLane.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Martin_Van_Buren.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Missouri_Compromise.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink National_Republican_Party.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Nicholas_Biddle_(banker).
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Nullification_Crisis.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Old_Republican.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Panic_of_1819.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Petticoat_Affair.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Petticoat_affair.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Richard_Hofstadter.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Robert_V._Remini.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Roger_B._Taney.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Sean_Wilentz.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Second_Bank_of_the_United_States.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Spoils_system.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink State_of_the_Union.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink State_of_the_Union_address.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink States_rights.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink States’_rights.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Strict_construction.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Strict_constructionism.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Tertium_quids.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Thomas_Hart_Benton_(politician).
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Thomas_Hart_Benton_(senator).
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Department_of_the_Treasury.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink United_States_presidential_election,_1824.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Whig_(United_States).
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink Whig_Party_(United_States).
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink William_Berkeley_Lewis.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink William_J._Duane.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:3a17480r.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:Andrew_jackson_head.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:General_Jackson_Slaying_the_Many_Headed_Monster.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:Henry_Clay-headshot.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:LouisMcLane55.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:Nicholas_Biddle_by_William_Inman.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:Old_Hickory_and_Bully_Nick.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:Second_Bank_of_the_United_States_front.jpg.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLink File:~aj.JPG.
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLinkText "Bank War".
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLinkText "National Bank".
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLinkText "destroy the institution by 1833".
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLinkText "political conflict".
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLinkText "removal of the deposits".
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLinkText "vetoed the bill".
- Bank_War wikiPageWikiLinkText "war with the Bank of the US".
- Bank_War caption "Cartoon depicting the political conflict between Andrew Jackson and Nicholas Biddle over the future of the Second Bank of the United States.".
- Bank_War date "1832".
- Bank_War hasPhotoCollection Bank_War.
- Bank_War leadfigures Andrew_Jackson.
- Bank_War leadfigures Daniel_Webster.
- Bank_War leadfigures Francis_Preston_Blair.
- Bank_War leadfigures Henry_Clay.
- Bank_War leadfigures James_K._Polk.
- Bank_War leadfigures Nicholas_Biddle_(banker).
- Bank_War leadfigures Roger_B._Taney.
- Bank_War leadfigures Thomas_Hart_Benton_(politician).
- Bank_War leadfigures Thomas_Hart_Benton_(senator).
- Bank_War leadfigures "Amos Kendall".
- Bank_War place "Washington, D.C.".
- Bank_War title "Bank War".
- Bank_War wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Clear.
- Bank_War wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_civil_conflict.