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- Q828555 subject Q7036109.
- Q828555 subject Q7189792.
- Q828555 subject Q7483210.
- Q828555 subject Q8694643.
- Q828555 abstract "Bertrand competition is a model of competition used in economics, named after Joseph Louis François Bertrand (1822–1900). It describes interactions among firms (sellers) that set prices and their customers (buyers) that choose quantities at the prices set. The model was formulated in 1883 by Bertrand in a review of Antoine Augustin Cournot's (1838) book in which Cournot had put forward the Cournot model. Cournot argued that when firms choose quantities, the equilibrium outcome involves firms pricing above marginal cost and hence the competitive price. In his review Bertrand argued that if firms chose prices rather than quantities, then the competitive outcome would occur with price equal to marginal cost. The model was not formalized by Bertrand: however, the idea was developed into a mathematical model by Francis Ysidro Edgeworth in 1889.The model rests on very specific assumptions. There are at least two firms producing a homogeneous (undifferentiated) product and can not cooperate in any way. Firms compete by setting prices simultaneously and consumers want to buy everything from a firm with a lower price (since the product is homogeneous and there are no consumer search costs). If two firms charge the same price, consumers demand is split evenly between them. It is simplest to concentrate on the case of duopoly where there are just two firms, although the results hold for any number of firms greater than 1.A crucial assumption about the technology is that both firms have the same constant unit cost of production, so that marginal and average costs are the same and equal to the competitive price. This means that as long as the price it sets is above unit cost, the firm is willing to supply any amount that is demanded (it earns profit on each unit sold). If price is equal to unit cost, then it is indifferent to how much it sells, since it earns no profit). Obviously, the firm will never want to set a price below unit cost, but if it did it would not want to sell anything since it would lose money on each unit sold.".
- Q828555 thumbnail Economics_bertrand_diag1.png?width=300.
- Q828555 wikiPageExternalLink chapter6.pdf.
- Q828555 wikiPageExternalLink index.html.
- Q828555 wikiPageExternalLink CadresFenetre?O=NUMM-24378&I=121&M=tdm.
- Q828555 wikiPageExternalLink Bertrand1883.pdf.
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- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q601799.
- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q701521.
- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q7036109.
- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q7189792.
- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q7242612.
- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q7483210.
- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q750207.
- Q828555 wikiPageWikiLink Q8694643.
- Q828555 comment "Bertrand competition is a model of competition used in economics, named after Joseph Louis François Bertrand (1822–1900). It describes interactions among firms (sellers) that set prices and their customers (buyers) that choose quantities at the prices set. The model was formulated in 1883 by Bertrand in a review of Antoine Augustin Cournot's (1838) book in which Cournot had put forward the Cournot model.".
- Q828555 label "Bertrand competition".
- Q828555 depiction Economics_bertrand_diag1.png.