Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://wikidata.dbpedia.org/resource/Q8066> ?p ?o }
- Q8066 subject Q6276539.
- Q8066 subject Q7215860.
- Q8066 subject Q7931692.
- Q8066 abstract "Amino acids are biologically important organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxylic acid (-COOH) functional groups, usually along with a side-chain specific to each amino acid. The key elements of an amino acid are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, though other elements are found in the side-chains of certain amino acids. About 500 amino acids are known and can be classified in many ways. They can be classified according to the core structural functional groups' locations as alpha- (α-), beta- (β-), gamma- (γ-) or delta- (δ-) amino acids; other categories relate to polarity, pH level, and side-chain group type (aliphatic, acyclic, aromatic, containing hydroxyl or sulfur, etc.). In the form of proteins, amino acids comprise the second-largest component (water is the largest) of human muscles, cells and other tissues. Outside proteins, amino acids perform critical roles in processes such as neurotransmitter transport and biosynthesis.In biochemistry, amino acids having both the amine and the carboxylic acid groups attached to the first (alpha-) carbon atom have particular importance. They are known as 2-, alpha-, or α-amino acids (generic formula H2NCHRCOOH in most cases, where R is an organic substituent known as a "side-chain"); often the term "amino acid" is used to refer specifically to these. They include the 23 proteinogenic ("protein-building") amino acids, which combine into peptide chains ("polypeptides") to form the building-blocks of a vast array of proteins. These are all L-stereoisomers ("left-handed" isomers), although a few D-amino acids ("right-handed") occur in bacterial envelopes, as a neuromodulator (D-serine), and in some antibiotics. Twenty of the proteinogenic amino acids are encoded directly by triplet codons in the genetic code and are known as "standard" amino acids. The other three ("non-standard" or "non-canonical") are selenocysteine (present in many noneukaryotes as well as most eukaryotes, but not coded directly by DNA), pyrrolysine (found only in some archea and one bacterium) and N-formylmethionine (which is often the initial amino acid of proteins in bacteria, mitochondria, and chloroplasts). Pyrrolysine and selenocysteine are encoded via variant codons; for example, selenocysteine is encoded by stop codon and SECIS element. Codon–tRNA combinations not found in nature can also be used to "expand" the genetic code and create novel proteins known as alloproteins incorporating non-proteinogenic amino acids.Many important proteinogenic and non-proteinogenic amino acids also play critical non-protein roles within the body. For example, in the human brain, glutamate (standard glutamic acid) and gamma-amino-butyric acid ("GABA", non-standard gamma-amino acid) are, respectively, the main excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters; hydroxyproline (a major component of the connective tissue collagen) is synthesised from proline; the standard amino acid glycine is used to synthesise porphyrins used in red blood cells; and the non-standard carnitine is used in lipid transport.Nine proteinogenic amino acids are called "essential" for humans because they cannot be created from other compounds by the human body and so must be taken in as food. Others may be conditionally essential for certain ages or medical conditions. Essential amino acids may also differ between species.Because of their biological significance, amino acids are important in nutrition and are commonly used in nutritional supplements, fertilizers, and food technology. Industrial uses include the production of drugs, biodegradable plastics, and chiral catalysts.".
- Q8066 thumbnail AminoAcidball.svg?width=300.
- Q8066 wikiPageExternalLink compareAAApplet.html.
- Q8066 wikiPageExternalLink Dayhoff.html.
- Q8066 wikiPageExternalLink amino.pdf.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q101487.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q103135.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1039642.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q105522.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1083939.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q10872.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q10876.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q11006.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q11053.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q11085.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q11158.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q11173.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q11351.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q11367.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q116907.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1169785.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1183089.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q12140.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q12187.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1230226.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q123619.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1247092.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q127950.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q128700.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q131207.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1318069.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q132621.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q133895.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q134219.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q134856.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1392806.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1439803.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1447291.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q145273.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q145909.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q146243.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q151313.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1532406.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1534198.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q15997127.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q162643.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q162657.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1634792.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q167198.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q167934.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q170304.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q170409.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q170545.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q170744.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q172847.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q173670.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q174211.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1757382.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q176916.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q178430.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q178450.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q178827.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q17916092.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q179894.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q180341.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q180618.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q181003.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q181136.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q181619.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q181802.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q181898.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q182040.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q182677.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q182854.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q183290.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q184199.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q185906.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q185917.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q186011.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q186242.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q186474.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q186521.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q186915.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q187126.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q187359.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q188017.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q188777.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q188928.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q189621.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q190057.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q191835.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q192197.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q192355.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q192466.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q192470.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q192596.
- Q8066 wikiPageWikiLink Q1937714.