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- Q262096 subject Q6948611.
- Q262096 subject Q7081893.
- Q262096 subject Q8129010.
- Q262096 subject Q8278606.
- Q262096 abstract "The Sixtus Affair was a failed attempt by Emperor Charles I of Austria to conclude a separate peace with the allies in World War I. The affair was named after his brother-in-law and intermediary, Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma.In 1917 the War was dragging on towards its fourth year, and Charles decided to secretly enter into peace negotiations with France. He used his brother-in-law, Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma, an officer in the Belgian army, as intermediary as well as enlisting the help of his loyal childhood friend and aide-de-camp Tamas Erdody. Charles initiated contact with the Prince via contacts in neutral Switzerland, and Empress Zita wrote a letter inviting him to Vienna. Zita's mother Maria Antonia delivered the letter personally.Sixtus arrived with French-agreed conditions for talks: the restoration to France of Alsace-Lorraine (annexed by Germany after the Franco-Prussian War in 1870); restoration of the independence of Belgium; independence for the kingdom of Serbia; and the handover of Constantinople to Russia. Charles agreed, in principle, to the first three points and wrote a letter dated 25 March 1917, to Sixtus giving "the secret and unofficial message that I will use all means and all my personal influence" to the President of France.This attempt at dynastic diplomacy eventually foundered. Germany refused to negotiate over Alsace-Lorraine and, seeing a Russian collapse on the horizon, was loath to give up the war. In April 1918, after the German-Russian Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the Austrian Foreign Minister Count Ottokar von Czernin made a speech attacking the incoming French Prime Minister Georges Clemenceau as being the main obstacle to a peace favouring the Central Powers. Clemenceau was incensed and had Emperor Charles's 24 March 1917 letter published. For a while, there were fears that Germany might occupy Austria. Czernin persuaded Charles to send a 'Word of Honour' to Austria's allies saying that Sixtus had not been authorised to show the letter to the French Government, that Belgium had not been mentioned, and that Clemenceau had lied about the mentioning of the Alsace. Czernin had actually been in contact with the German Embassy throughout the whole crisis, and was attempting to persuade the Emperor to step down because of the Affair. After this failed, Czernin resigned himself.This affair was an embarrassment to Charles and forced Austria-Hungary into an even more dependent position with regard to its German ally.".
- Q262096 thumbnail Charles_I_of_Austria.jpg?width=300.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q122371.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q1506649.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q152283.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q155144.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q159.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q16869.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q171730.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q237321.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q361.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q369894.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q39.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q46083.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q50926.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q51068.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q6948611.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q7081893.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q78560.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q8129010.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q8278606.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q951608.
- Q262096 wikiPageWikiLink Q989.
- Q262096 comment "The Sixtus Affair was a failed attempt by Emperor Charles I of Austria to conclude a separate peace with the allies in World War I. The affair was named after his brother-in-law and intermediary, Prince Sixtus of Bourbon-Parma.In 1917 the War was dragging on towards its fourth year, and Charles decided to secretly enter into peace negotiations with France.".
- Q262096 label "Sixtus Affair".
- Q262096 depiction Charles_I_of_Austria.jpg.