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- Yorktown_campaign abstract "The Yorktown or Virginia campaign was a series of military maneuvers and battles during the American Revolutionary War that culminated in the decisive Siege of Yorktown in October 1781. The result of the campaign was the surrender of the British Army force of General Charles, Earl Cornwallis, an event that led directly to the beginning of serious peace negotiations and the eventual end of the war. The campaign was marked by disagreements, indecision, and miscommunication on the part of British leaders, and by a remarkable set of cooperative decisions, at times in violation of orders, by the French and Americans.The campaign involved land and naval forces of Great Britain and France, and land forces of the United States. British forces sent to Virginia between January and April 1781 joined with Cornwallis's army in May, which came north from an extended campaign through the southern states. These forces were first opposed weakly by Virginia militia, but General George Washington sent first the Marquis de Lafayette and then Anthony Wayne with Continental Army troops to oppose the raiding and economic havoc the British were wreaking. The combined American forces, however, were insufficient in number to oppose the combined British forces, and it was only after a series of controversially confusing orders by General Sir Henry Clinton, the British commander-in-chief, that Cornwallis moved to Yorktown in July and built a defensive position that was strong against the land forces he then faced, but was vulnerable to naval blockade and siege.British naval forces in North America and the West Indies were weaker than the combined fleets of France and Spain, and, after some critical decisions and tactical missteps by British naval commanders, the French fleet of Paul de Grasse gained control over Chesapeake Bay, blockading Cornwallis from naval support and delivering additional land forces to blockade him on land. The Royal Navy attempted to dispute this control, but Admiral Thomas Graves was defeated in the key Battle of the Chesapeake on September 5. American and French armies that had massed outside New York City began moving south late in August, and arrived near Yorktown in mid-September; deceptions about their movement successfully delayed attempts by Clinton to send more troops to Cornwallis.The Siege of Yorktown began on September 28. In a step that probably shortened the siege, Cornwallis decided to abandon parts of his outer defenses, and the besiegers successfully stormed two of his redoubts. When it became clear that his position was untenable, Cornwallis opened negotiations on October 17 and surrendered two days later. When the news reached London, the government of Lord North fell, and the following Rockingham ministry entered into peace negotiations. These culminated in the Treaty of Paris in 1783, in which King George III recognized the independent United States of America. Clinton and Cornwallis engaged in a public war of words defending their roles in the campaign, and British naval command also discussed the navy's shortcomings that led to the defeat.".
- Yorktown_campaign combatant "*15pxAnsbach-Bayreuth".
- Yorktown_campaign combatant "*Hesse-Kassel".
- Yorktown_campaign commander Anthony_Wayne.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Benedict_Arnold.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Charles_René_Dominique_Sochet,_Chevalier_Destouches.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Claude-Anne-Montbleru,_Marquis_de_St._Simon.
- Yorktown_campaign commander François_Joseph_Paul_de_Grasse.
- Yorktown_campaign commander George_Washington.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Gilbert_du_Motier,_Marquis_de_Lafayette.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Henry_Clinton_(British_Army_officer,_born_1730).
- Yorktown_campaign commander Jacques-Melchior_Saint-Laurent,_Comte_de_Barras.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Jean-Baptiste_Donatien_de_Vimeur,_comte_de_Rochambeau.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Mariot_Arbuthnot.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Thomas_Graves,_1st_Baron_Graves.
- Yorktown_campaign commander Thomas_Symonds.
- Yorktown_campaign commander William_Phillips_(British_Army_officer).
- Yorktown_campaign isPartOfMilitaryConflict American_Revolutionary_War.
- Yorktown_campaign notes "Force strengths are maximums marshalled during and shortly after the siege of Yorktown.".
- Yorktown_campaign place Virginia.
- Yorktown_campaign result "Decisive Franco-American victory".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "American land forces: 5,500, sixty cannon".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "Clinton land forces: 7,000".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "Cornwallis land forces: 7,000".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "French land forces: 9,500, ninety cannon".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "French naval personnel: 20–22,000".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "French navy: 36 ships of the line".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "New York fleet: 25 ships of the line".
- Yorktown_campaign strength "Yorktown fleet: 63 small ships".
- Yorktown_campaign thumbnail Surrender_of_Lord_Cornwallis.jpg?width=300.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageID "3682103".
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageLength "64165".
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageOutDegree "220".
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageRevisionID "695650895".
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Abdication.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Leslie_(British_Army_officer).
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink American_Revolutionary_War.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Annapolis,_Maryland.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Anne-César,_Chevalier_de_la_Luzerne.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Annus_Mirabilis_of_1759.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Anthony_Wayne.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Armand_Louis_de_Gontaut.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Armand_Marc,_comte_de_Montmorin.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Banastre_Tarleton.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Blandford.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Camden.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Cape_Henry.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Cowpens.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Fort_Royal.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Green_Spring.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Guilford_Court_House.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Kings_Mountain.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Rhode_Island.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Spencers_Ordinary.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_the_Chesapeake.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_the_Saintes.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Benedict_Arnold.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Benjamin_Lincoln.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Bernardo_de_Gálvez.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Brest,_France.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink British_Army.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink British_Legion_(American_Revolution).
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Cap-Haïtien.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Cape_Henry.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Cape_Henry_Memorial.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Category:1781_in_Virginia.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Category:1781_in_military_history.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Category:Campaigns_of_the_American_Revolutionary_War.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conflicts_in_1781.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Category:Virginia_in_the_American_Revolution.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Cornwallis,_1st_Marquess_Cornwallis.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Eugène_Gabriel_de_La_Croix.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Gravier,_comte_de_Vergennes.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Charles_René_Dominique_Sochet,_Chevalier_Destouches.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Charleston,_South_Carolina.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Charlottesville,_Virginia.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Chesapeake_Bay.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Chesapeake_raid.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Chesterfield_Court_House,_Virginia.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Christian_of_the_Palatinate-Zweibrücken_(1752–1817).
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Claude-Anne-Montbleru,_Marquis_de_St._Simon.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Colonial_National_Historical_Park.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Columbia,_Virginia.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Commander-in-Chief,_North_America.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Continental_Army.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Copper_sheathing.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Dan_River.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Daniel_Morgan.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Early_American_currency.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Elizabeth_River_(Virginia).
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Elkton,_Maryland.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink France.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Francis_Barber_(Colonel).
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Francis_Marion.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Francisco_Saavedra_de_Sangronis.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Franciscos_Fight.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink François_Joseph_Paul_de_Grasse.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_North,_Lord_North.
- Yorktown_campaign wikiPageWikiLink Fredericksburg,_Virginia.