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- War_of_the_Three_Henrys abstract "The War of the Three Henrys (1587-1589) was the eighth and final conflict in the series of civil wars in France known as the Wars of Religion. It was a three-way war fought between:King Henry III of France, supported by the royalists and the politiques;King Henry of Navarre, leader of the Huguenots, supported by Elizabeth I of England and the Protestant princes of Germany, and heir-presumptive to the French throne; andHenry of Lorraine, Duke of Guise, leader of the Catholic League, funded and supported by Philip II of Spain.The war was instigated by Philip of Spain to keep his enemy, France, from interfering with the Spanish army in the Netherlands and his planned invasion of England.The war began when the Catholic League convinced King Henry III to issue an edict outlawing Protestantism and annulling Henry of Navarre's right to the throne; Henry III was possibly influenced by the royal favorite, Anne de Joyeuse.For the first part of the war, the royalists and the Catholic League were uneasy allies against their common enemy, the Huguenots. Henry sent Joyeuse into the field against Navarre, while he himself intended to meet the approaching German and Swiss armies. At the Battle of Coutras, Navarre defeated the royal army led by Joyeuse; the duke himself was slain at the battle. It was the first victory won by the Huguenots in the battlefield. For his part, Henry III successfully prevented the junction of the German and Swiss armies. The Swiss were his allies, and had come to invade France to free him from subjection; but Henry III insisted that their invasion was not in his favor, but against him, forcing them to return home. The Germans, led by Fabien I, Burgrave of Dohna, wanted to fight against the Duke of Guise, in order to win a victory like Coutras. He recruited some of the retreating Swiss, who had no scruple fighting against Guise. But at the Battle of Vimory, Guise took the Germans by surprise, and routed them.In Paris, the glory of repelling the German and Swiss Protestants all fell to the Duke of Guise. The king's actions were viewed with contempt. They thought that the king had invited the Swiss to invade, paid them for coming, and sent them back again. The king, who had really performed the decisive part in the campaign, and expected to be honored for it, was astounded that public voice should thus declare against him. The Catholic League had put its preachers to good use. In the meantime, the governments of Normandy and Picardy were vacated by the deaths of Joyeuse and Conde. Guise demanded Normandy for himself, and Picardy for his kinsman Aumale. The king denied both requests. The Catholic League was mobilized to resist the royal appointees in these provinces. Guise was forbidden from entering the capital. Guise ignored the prohibition and entered Paris. In the normal course of affairs this would have cost him his life, but the duke was popular with the masses. Further, after the Day of the Barricades, an uprising planned in part by the Spanish diplomat Bernardino de Mendoza, the king decided to flee to Blois.After the defeat of the Spanish Armada, the king called the Estates-General in the midst of intrigue and plotting. Henri of Guise planned to assassinate the king and seize the throne, but the king struck first by having Guise killed by his guards, The Forty-Five.Open war erupted between the royalists and the Catholic League. Charles, Duke of Mayenne, Guise's younger brother, took over the leadership of the League. At the moment it seemed that he could not possibly resist his enemies. His power was effectively limited to Blois, Tours, and the surrounding districts. In these dark times the King of France finally reached out to his cousin and heir, the King of Navarre. Henry III declared that he would no longer allow Protestants to be called heretics, while the Protestants revived the strict principles of royalty and divine right. As on the other side ultra-Catholic and anti-royalist doctrines were closely associated, so on the side of the two kings the principles of tolerance and royalism were united. Henry III sought the aid of the Swiss, who were ready to join his cause. The Catholic royalists revived in their allegiance. At Pontoise the king saw himself at the head of 40,000 men. His newly recovered power may have inspired him with great designs; he planned to take Paris, in order to end the League's power once and for all. The surrender of Paris seemed likely, even to the inhabitants. The preachers of the League sanctioned regicide, to avenge the murder of Guise. Jacques Clément, a fanatical Catholic monk, assassinated King Henry III at Saint-Cloud.With Henry III's death, the coalition broke up. Many Catholic royalists were unwilling to serve the Protestant Henry IV, and the army retreated from Paris.".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "20pxCatholic League".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "20pxHuguenots".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Catholics:".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Politiques".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Protestants:".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Spain".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys commander Anne_de_Joyeuse.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys commander Charles,_Duke_of_Mayenne.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys commander Henry_I,_Duke_of_Guise.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys commander Henry_III_of_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys commander Henry_IV_of_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys commander Jean_Louis_de_Nogaret_de_La_Valette.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys isPartOfMilitaryConflict French_Wars_of_Religion.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys place France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys result "Henry of Navarreoutlives the other Henrys".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys thumbnail HenriIV.jpg?width=300.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageID "485466".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageLength "8830".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageOutDegree "57".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageRevisionID "684135915".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Farnese,_Duke_of_Parma.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Anne_de_Joyeuse.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Arques.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Coutras.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Ivry.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Vimory.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Bernardino_de_Mendoza.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Blois.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Category:1580s_conflicts.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Category:1580s_in_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Category:French_Wars_of_Religion.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Category:Henry_III_of_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Category:Henry_IV_of_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_Church.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_League_(French).
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Charles,_Duke_of_Aumale.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Charles,_Duke_of_Mayenne.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Day_of_the_Barricades.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Elizabeth_I_of_England.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Favourite.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink French_Wars_of_Religion.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Habsburg_Spain.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Henry_I,_Duke_of_Guise.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Henry_III_of_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Henry_IV_of_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Huguenot.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Jacques_Clément.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Jean_Louis_de_Nogaret_de_La_Valette.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Philip_II_of_Spain.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Politique.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Protestantism.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Regicide.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Spanish_Armada.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink The_forty-five_guards.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink Tours.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Armoiries_ducs_de_Guise.svg.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Armoiries_ducs_de_Mayenne.png.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Blason_France_moderne.svg.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Blason_Jean_Louis_de_Nogaret_(1554-1642).svg.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Chateauneuf-Randon_de_Joyeuse_Saint-Didier.svg.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Croix_huguenote.svg.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLink File:Henri_de_Boubon_Roi_de_Navarre.svg.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys wikiPageWikiLinkText "War of the Three Henrys".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys align "right".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys caption "Henry III of France".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys caption "Henry of Guise".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys caption "Henry of Navarre".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "20".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Catholics:".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Politiques".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Protestants:".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys combatant "Spain".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys commander "20".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys conflict "War of the Three Henrys".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys date "1587".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys header "The Three Henrys".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys height "478".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys height "500".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys image "Anjou 1570louvre.jpg".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys image "Guise.jpg".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys image "HenriIV.jpg".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys partof French_Wars_of_Religion.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys place "France".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys result "Henry of Navarre outlives the other Henrys".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys totalWidth "400".
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys width "400".
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- War_of_the_Three_Henrys subject Category:1580s_conflicts.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys subject Category:1580s_in_France.
- War_of_the_Three_Henrys subject Category:French_Wars_of_Religion.