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- Synapsis abstract "Synapsis (also called syndesis) is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. It allows matching-up of homologous pairs prior to their segregation, and possible chromosomal crossover between them. Synapsis takes place during prophase I of meiosis. When homologous chromosomes synapse, their ends are first attached to the nuclear envelope. These end-membrane complexes then migrate, assisted by the extranuclear cytoskeleton, until matching ends have been paired. Then the intervening regions of the chromosome are brought together, and may be connected by a protein-RNA complex called the synaptonemal complex. While autosomes undergo synapsis during meiosis, sex chromosomes often remain unpaired.This is not to be confused with mitosis. Mitosis also has prophase, but does not ordinarily do pairing of two homologous chromosomes.When the non-sister chromatids intertwine, segments of chromatids with similar sequence may break apart and be exchanged in a process known as genetic recombination or \"crossing-over\". This exchange produces a chiasma, a region that is shaped like an X, where the two chromosomes are physically joined. At least one chiasma per chromosome often appears to be necessary to stabilise bivalents along the metaphase plate during separation. The crossover of genetic material also provides a possible defence against 'chromosome killer' mechanisms, by removing the distinction between 'self' and 'non-self' through which such a mechanism could operate. A further consequence of recombinant synapsis is to increase genetic variability within the offspring. Repeated recombination also has the general effect of allowing genes to move independently of each other through the generations, allowing for the independent concentration of beneficial genes and the purging of the detrimental.Following synapsis, a type of recombination referred to as synthesis dependent strand annealing (SDSA) occurs frequently. SDSA recombination involves information exchange between paired non-sister homologous chromatids, but not physical exchange. SDSA recombination does not cause crossing-over. Both the non-crossover and crossover types of recombination function as processes for repairing DNA damage, particularly double-strand breaks (see Genetic recombination). The central function of synapsis is therefore the identification of homologues by pairing, an essential step for a successful meiosis. The processes of DNA repair and chiasma formation that take place following synapsis have consequences at many levels, from cellular survival through to impacts upon evolution itself.".
- Synapsis wikiPageExternalLink 12_meiosis.shtml.
- Synapsis wikiPageID "2991457".
- Synapsis wikiPageLength "4103".
- Synapsis wikiPageOutDegree "16".
- Synapsis wikiPageRevisionID "637813660".
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Allosome.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Autosome.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cell_biology.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cytogenetics.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Chiasma_(genetics).
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Chromosomal_crossover.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Cytoskeleton.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Genetic_recombination.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Genetic_variability.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Homologous_chromosome.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Meiosis.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Metaphase.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Mitosis.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLink Synaptonemal_complex.
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLinkText "Synapsis".
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLinkText "presynaptic".
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLinkText "synapses".
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLinkText "synapsis".
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLinkText "synaptic transmission".
- Synapsis wikiPageWikiLinkText "synaptic".
- Synapsis wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cell-biology-stub.
- Synapsis wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Distinguish.
- Synapsis wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:For.
- Synapsis wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Synapsis wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Wiktionary.
- Synapsis subject Category:Cell_biology.
- Synapsis subject Category:Cytogenetics.
- Synapsis type Thing.
- Synapsis comment "Synapsis (also called syndesis) is the pairing of two homologous chromosomes that occurs during meiosis. It allows matching-up of homologous pairs prior to their segregation, and possible chromosomal crossover between them. Synapsis takes place during prophase I of meiosis. When homologous chromosomes synapse, their ends are first attached to the nuclear envelope. These end-membrane complexes then migrate, assisted by the extranuclear cytoskeleton, until matching ends have been paired.".
- Synapsis label "Synapsis".
- Synapsis differentFrom Synapse.
- Synapsis differentFrom Synapsid.
- Synapsis differentFrom Synopsis.
- Synapsis sameAs Q3175967.
- Synapsis sameAs Sinapsis_(meiosis).
- Synapsis sameAs Synapsis.
- Synapsis sameAs Sinapsis.
- Synapsis sameAs Synapsis.
- Synapsis sameAs m.08j5z0.
- Synapsis sameAs Синапсис.
- Synapsis sameAs Q3175967.
- Synapsis sameAs 聯會.
- Synapsis wasDerivedFrom Synapsis?oldid=637813660.
- Synapsis isPrimaryTopicOf Synapsis.