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- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion abstract "The sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion is one of three roots of the ciliary ganglion, a tissue mass behind the eye. It contains postganglionic sympathetic fibers whose cell bodies are located in the superior cervical ganglion. Their axons ascend with the internal carotid artery as a plexus of nerves, the carotid plexus. Sympathetic fibers innervating the eye separate from the carotid plexus within the cavernous sinus. They run forward through the superior orbital fissure and merge with the long ciliary nerves (branches of the nasociliary nerve) and the short ciliary nerves (from the ciliary ganglion). Sympathetic fibers in the short ciliary nerves pass through the ciliary ganglion without forming synapses.Preganglionic sympathetic fibers originate from neurons in the intermediolateral column of the thoracic spinal cord, at the level of thoracic spinal nerve 1 (T1) and thoracic spinal nerve 2 (T2). They form synapses in the superior cervical ganglion. The ratio of incoming to outgoing fibers (the “convergence”) in this ganglion is approximately 100:1. Sympathetic motor neurons in the spinal cord are controlled by supranuclear pathways that descend through the brainstem and spinal cord. Interruption of the sympathetic chain at any level (from the brainstem to the ciliary ganglion) will produce pupillary constriction (miosis) and eyelid droop (ptosis) – the classic signs of Horner's syndrome.Sympathetic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion innervate blood vessels (vasoconstriction), sweat glands, and 5 eye muscles: the dilator pupillae,the ciliary muscle ,the superior tarsal muscle, the inferior tarsal muscle and the orbitalis.The dilator pupillae dilates the pupil; its action is antagonistic to the sphincter pupillae. Pupil size is therefore under the dual control of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves.Postsynaptic sympathetic signals that originate in the superior cervical ganglion are carried by the nasociliary nerve or directly extend from the internal carotid plexus and pass through the ciliary ganglion. Sympathetic (adrenergic) activation of the muscle's beta-2 receptors result in relaxation and increase in ciliary body size. This tautens the zonule fibers and the lens is stretched flat, thereby decreasing its refractive power appropriately for far distance vision.The superior tarsal muscle elevates the upper eyelid. The levator palpebrae superioris, which is innervated by a branch of the oculomotor nerve, also elevates the upper eyelid. Eyelid elevation is therefore under both voluntary and involuntary control. Interruption of either pathway will result in eyelid droop (ptosis).The other two eye muscles with sympathetic innervation (the inferior tarsal muscle and the orbitalis) are vestigial in humans. They are variable and often incompletely developed.".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion branchFrom Internal_carotid_plexus.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion dorlandsPrefix "r_02".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion dorlandsSuffix "12688108".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion thumbnail Ciliary_ganglion_pathways.png?width=300.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageExternalLink autonomics_05.html.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageID "16174155".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageLength "3918".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageOutDegree "18".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageRevisionID "636306087".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Category:Nerves_of_the_head_and_neck.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Category:Sympathetic_nervous_system.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Cavernous_sinus.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Ciliary_ganglion.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Horners_syndrome.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Internal_carotid_plexus.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Long_ciliary_nerves.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Miosis.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Parasympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Ptosis_(eyelid).
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Sensory_root_of_ciliary_ganglion.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Short_ciliary_nerves.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Superior_orbital_fissure.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Thoracic_spinal_nerve_1.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Thoracic_spinal_nerve_2.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLink Tissue_(biology).
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLinkText "Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageWikiLinkText "sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion branchfrom Internal_carotid_plexus.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion caption "Pathways in the Ciliary Ganglion. Green = parasympathetic; Red = sympathetic; Blue = sensory".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion dorlandspre "r_02".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion dorlandssuf "12688108".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion latin "ramus sympathetica ganglii ciliaris".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion name "Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_nerve.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Neuroanatomy-stub.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Trigeminal_nerve.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Visual_pathways.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion subject Category:Nerves_of_the_head_and_neck.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion subject Category:Sympathetic_nervous_system.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion hypernym Roots.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion type AnatomicalStructure.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion type Artery.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion type Band.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion type Nerve.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion type Thing.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion type Q4936952.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion type Q9620.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion comment "The sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion is one of three roots of the ciliary ganglion, a tissue mass behind the eye. It contains postganglionic sympathetic fibers whose cell bodies are located in the superior cervical ganglion. Their axons ascend with the internal carotid artery as a plexus of nerves, the carotid plexus. Sympathetic fibers innervating the eye separate from the carotid plexus within the cavernous sinus.".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion label "Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion sameAs Q7661373.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion sameAs m.03wbxb5.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion sameAs Q7661373.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion wasDerivedFrom Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion?oldid=636306087.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion depiction Ciliary_ganglion_pathways.png.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion isPrimaryTopicOf Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion.
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion name "Sympathetic root of ciliary ganglion".
- Sympathetic_root_of_ciliary_ganglion name "ramus sympathetica ganglii ciliaris".