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• Structural_adjustment abstract "Structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) consist of loans provided by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) to countries that experienced economic crises. The two Bretton Woods Institutions require borrowing countries to implement certain policies in order to obtain new loans (or lower interest rates on existing ones). The conditionality clauses attached to the loans have been criticized because of their effects on the social sector.SAPs are created with the goal of reducing the borrowing country's fiscal imbalances in the short and medium term or in order to adjust the economy to long-term growth.The bank from which a borrowing country receives its loan depends upon the type of necessity. The IMF usually implements stabilization policies and the WB is in charge of adjustment measures.SAPs are supposed to allow the economies of the developing countries to become more market oriented. This then forces them to concentrate more on trade and production so it can boost their economy.Through conditions, SAPs generally implement \"free market\" programmes and policy. These programs include internal changes (notably privatization and deregulation) as well as external ones, especially the reduction of trade barriers. Countries that fail to enact these programmes may be subject to severe fiscal discipline. Critics argue that the financial threats to poor countries amount to blackmail, and that poor nations have no choice but to comply.Since the late 1990s, some proponents of structural adjustment, such as the World Bank, have spoken of \"poverty reduction\" as a goal. SAPs were often criticized for implementing generic free-market policy and for their lack of involvement from the borrowing country. To increase the borrowing country's involvement, developing countries are now encouraged to draw up Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs), which essentially take the place of SAPs. Some believe that the increase of the local government's participation in creating the policy will lead to greater ownership of the loan programs and thus better fiscal policy. The content of PRSPs has turned out to be similar to the original content of bank-authored SAPs. Critics argue that the similarities show that the banks and the countries that fund them are still overly involved in the policy-making process. Within the IMF, the Enhanced Structural Adjustment Facility was succeeded by the Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility, which is in turn succeeded by the Extended Credit Facility.".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageExternalLink conditio.htm.
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• Structural_adjustment wikiPageRevisionID "695823488".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink 1979_energy_crisis.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Austerity.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Balance_of_payments.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Balanced_budget.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Balcerowicz_Plan.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Bretton_Woods_system.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Cambridge_University_Press.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Category:Development_economics.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Category:Economic_development.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Category:International_Monetary_Fund.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Category:International_development.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Category:World_Bank.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Conditionality.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Corporate_bond.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Debt_crisis.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Deregulation.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Devaluation.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Divestment.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Enhanced_structural_adjustment_facility.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Extended_Credit_Facility.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Fiscal_imbalance.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Foreign_direct_investment.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Giovanni_Arrighi.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Governance.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink IMF_Stand-By_Arrangement.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink International_Monetary_Fund.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink International_financial_institutions.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Melvyn_P._Leffler.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Millennium_Development_Goals.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Monetary_policy.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Natural_resource.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Odd_Arne_Westad.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Political_corruption.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Poverty_Reduction_Strategy_Paper.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Poverty_Reduction_and_Growth_Facility.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Poverty_reduction.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Price_mechanism.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Princeton_University_Press.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Privatization.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Rent-seeking.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Sovereignty.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Stagflation.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Stock_market.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Sub-Saharan_Africa.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Trade_barrier.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink Washington_Consensus.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink World_Bank.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLink World_Development_(journal).
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Structural Adjustment Program".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Structural Adjustment Programmes".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Structural Adjustment Programs".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Structural Adjustment".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Structural adjustment programmes".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Structural adjustment".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Structural_adjustment".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "conditionalities".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "conditions".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "economic reforms".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "structural adjustment program".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "structural adjustment programs".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "structural adjustment".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "structural changes".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "structural reform".
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageWikiLinkText "structural reforms".
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• Structural_adjustment wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Quote.
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• Structural_adjustment wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Sfn.
• Structural_adjustment wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Undue.
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• Structural_adjustment subject Category:Development_economics.
• Structural_adjustment subject Category:Economic_development.
• Structural_adjustment subject Category:International_Monetary_Fund.
• Structural_adjustment subject Category:International_development.
• Structural_adjustment subject Category:World_Bank.
• Structural_adjustment type Organization.
• Structural_adjustment type Study.
• Structural_adjustment type Organization.
• Structural_adjustment type Thing.
• Structural_adjustment comment "Structural adjustment programmes (SAPs) consist of loans provided by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank (WB) to countries that experienced economic crises. The two Bretton Woods Institutions require borrowing countries to implement certain policies in order to obtain new loans (or lower interest rates on existing ones).".
• Structural_adjustment label "Structural adjustment".
• Structural_adjustment seeAlso Privatisation.
• Structural_adjustment seeAlso Privatization.
• Structural_adjustment sameAs Q2141807.
• Structural_adjustment sameAs Strukturanpassungsprogramm.
• Structural_adjustment sameAs Struktura_alĝustigo.
• Structural_adjustment sameAs Ajuste_estructural.

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