Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Space_environment> ?p ?o }
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- Space_environment abstract "Space environment is a branch of astronautics, aerospace engineering and space physics that seeks to understand and address conditions existing in space that affect the design and operation of spacecraft. A related subject, space weather, deals with dynamic processes in the solar-terrestrial system that can give rise to effects on spacecraft, but that can also affect the atmosphere, ionosphere and geomagnetic field, giving rise to several other kinds of effects on human technologies.Effects on spacecraft can arise from radiation, space debris and meteoroid impact, upper atmospheric drag and spacecraft electrostatic charging.Radiation in space usually comes from three main sources: (i) the Van Allen radiation belts; (ii) solar proton events and solar energetic particles; and (iii) galactic cosmic rays. For long duration missions, the high doses of radiation can damage electronic components and solar cells. A major concern is also radiation-induced \"single-event effects\" such as single event upset. Manned missions usually avoid the radiation belts and the international space station is at an altitude well below the most severe regions of the radiation belts. During solar energetic events (solar flares and coronal mass ejections) particles can be accelerated to very high energies and can reach the Earth in times as short as 30 minutes (but usually take some hours). These particles are mainly protons and heavier ions that can cause radiation damage, disruption to logic circuits and even hazards to astronauts. Manned missions to return to the Moon or to travel to Mars will have to deal with the major problems presented by solar particle events to radiation safety, in addition to the important contribution to doses from the low-level background cosmic rays. In near-Earth orbits, the Earth's geomagnetic field screens spacecraft from a large part of these hazards - a process called geomagnetic shielding.Space debris and meteoroids can impact spacecraft at high speeds, causing mechanical or electrical damage. The average speed of space debris is 10 km/s while the average speed of meteoroids is much greater. For example, the meteoroids associated with the Perseid meteor shower travel at an average speed of 58 km/s. Mechanical damage from debris impacts have been studied through space missions including LDEF, which had over 20,000 documented impacts through its 5.7 year mission. Electrical anomalies associated with impact events include ESA's Olympus spacecraft, which lost attitude control during the 1993 Perseid meteor shower. A similar event occurred with the Landsat 5 spacecraft during the 2009 Perseid meteor shower.Spacecraft electrostatic charging is caused by the hot plasma environment around the Earth. The plasma encountered in the region of the geostationary orbit becomes heated during geomagnetic substorms caused by disturbances in the solar wind. \"Hot\" electrons (with energies in the kilo-electron volt range) collect on surfaces of spacecraft and can establish electrostatic potentials of the order of kilovolts. As a result, discharges can occur and are known to be the source of many spacecraft anomalies.Solutions devised by scientists and engineers include, but are not limited to, spacecraft shielding, special \"hardening\" of electronic systems, various collision detection systems. Evaluation of effects during spacecraft design includes application of various models of the environment, including radiation belt models, spacecraft-plasma interaction models and atmospheric models to predict drag effects encountered in lower orbits and during reentery.The field often overlaps with the disciplines of astrophysics, atmospheric science, space physics, and geophysics, albeit usually with an emphasis on application.The United States government maintains a Space Weather Prediction Center at Boulder, Colorado. The Space Weather Prediction Center (SWPC) is part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). SWPC is one of the National Weather Service's (NWS) National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP).Space weather effects on Earth can include ionospheric storms, temporary decreases in ozone densities, disruption to radio communication, to GPS signals and submarine positioning. Some scientists also theorize links between sunspot activity and ice ages. [1]".
- Space_environment wikiPageExternalLink www.swpc.noaa.gov.
- Space_environment wikiPageExternalLink 20060920_13.html.
- Space_environment wikiPageExternalLink space-env.esa.int.
- Space_environment wikiPageExternalLink spaceweather.usu.edu.
- Space_environment wikiPageExternalLink spacewx.com.
- Space_environment wikiPageExternalLink www.spenvis.oma.be.
- Space_environment wikiPageID "1677464".
- Space_environment wikiPageLength "6252".
- Space_environment wikiPageOutDegree "56".
- Space_environment wikiPageRevisionID "707926724".
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Aerospace_engineering.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Astronautics.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Astrophysics.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Atmospheric_sciences.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Boulder,_Colorado.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Category:Aerospace_engineering.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Category:Spaceflight.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Coronal_mass_ejection.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Cosmic_ray.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Drag_(physics).
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Earths_magnetic_field.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Electronvolt.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink European_Cooperation_for_Space_Standardization.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink European_Space_Agency.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Geomagnetic_shielding.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Geophysics.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Geostationary_orbit.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Global_Positioning_System.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Ice_age.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink International_Space_Station.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Ionosphere.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Kármán_line.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Landsat_5.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Long_Duration_Exposure_Facility.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Meteoroid.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink National_Centers_for_Environmental_Prediction.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink National_Weather_Service.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Outer_space.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Outline_of_space_science.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Ozone.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Perseids.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Plasma_(physics).
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Radiation.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink SEDAT.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Single_event_upset.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Solar_energetic_particles.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Solar_flare.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Solar_particle_event.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Space_Environment_Information_System.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Space_Weather_Prediction_Center.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Space_debris.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Space_physics.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Space_weather.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Spacecraft_charging.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Substorm.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Sunspot.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLink Van_Allen_radiation_belt.
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLinkText "Space environment".
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLinkText "cold".
- Space_environment wikiPageWikiLinkText "space environment".
- Space_environment wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Space_environment subject Category:Aerospace_engineering.
- Space_environment subject Category:Spaceflight.
- Space_environment hypernym Branch.
- Space_environment type Organisation.
- Space_environment type Aeronautic.
- Space_environment type Discipline.
- Space_environment type Redirect.
- Space_environment type Technology.
- Space_environment comment "Space environment is a branch of astronautics, aerospace engineering and space physics that seeks to understand and address conditions existing in space that affect the design and operation of spacecraft.".
- Space_environment label "Space environment".
- Space_environment sameAs Q7572581.
- Space_environment sameAs Medioambiente_espacial.
- Space_environment sameAs m.05mnss.
- Space_environment sameAs Q7572581.
- Space_environment wasDerivedFrom Space_environment?oldid=707926724.
- Space_environment isPrimaryTopicOf Space_environment.