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- Server-Gated_Cryptography abstract "Server-Gated Cryptography (SGC), also known as International Step-Up by Netscape, is a defunct mechanism that was used to step up from 40-bit or 56-bit to 128-bit cipher suites with SSL. It was created in response to United States federal legislation on the export of strong cryptography in the 1990s. The legislation had limited encryption to weak algorithms and shorter key lengths in software exported outside of the United States of America. When the legislation added an exception for financial transactions, SGC was created as an extension to SSL with the certificates being restricted to financial organisations. In 1999, this list was expanded to include online merchants, healthcare organizations, and insurance companies [1]. This legislation changed in January 2000, resulting in vendors no longer shipping export grade browsers and SGC certificates becoming available without restriction.Internet Explorer supported SGC starting with patched versions of Internet Explorer 3. SGC became obsolete when Internet Explorer 5.01 SP1 and Internet Explorer 5.5 started supporting strong encryption without the need for a separate high encryption pack (except on Windows 2000, which needs its own high encryption pack that was included in Service Pack 2 and later). \"Export grade\" browsers are unusable on the modern Web due to many servers disabling export cipher suites. Additionally, these browsers are incapable of using SHA-2 family signature hash algorithms like SHA-256. Certification authorities are phasing out the new issuance of certificates with the older SHA-1 signature hash algorithm which will cease the issuance of SGC certificates going forward.The continuing use of SGC facilitates the use of obsolete, insecure Web browsers with HTTPS. However, while certificates that use the SHA-1 signature hash algorithm remain available, some certificate authorities continue to issue SGC certificates (often charging a premium for them) despite the fact they are obsolete. The reason certificate authorities can charge a premium for SGC certificates is that browsers only allowed a limited number of roots to support SGC.When an SSL handshake takes place, the software (e.g. a web browser) would list the ciphers that it supports. Although the weaker exported browsers would only include weaker ciphers in its initial SSL handshake, the browser did also contain stronger cryptography algorithms. There are actually two protocols involved to activate them. Netscape Communicator 4 used International Step-Up, which used the now obsolete insecure renegotiation to change to a stronger cipher suite. Microsoft used SGC which sends a new ClientHello message listing the stronger cipher suites on the same connection after the certificate is determined to be SGC capable, and also supported Netscape Step-Up for compatibility (though this support had a bug where changing MAC algorithms during Step-Up did not work properly).".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageExternalLink globalDetails.htm.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageExternalLink 78a7c37b-ec75-4ff3-a510-920f2f0b73aa.mspx?mfr=true.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageExternalLink README.GlobalID.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageID "10930740".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageLength "4341".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageOutDegree "18".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageRevisionID "686680013".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Algorithm.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cryptography.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Category:Transport_Layer_Security.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Cipher.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Encryption.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Export_of_cryptography_from_the_United_States.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink FREAK.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Internet_Explorer.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Internet_Explorer_3.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Internet_Explorer_5.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Internet_Explorer_5.01.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Netscape.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Netscape_Communicator.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Obsolescence.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Transport_Layer_Security.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink United_States.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Web_browser.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLink Windows_2000.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageWikiLinkText "Server-Gated Cryptography".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Internet_Explorer.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wikiPageUsesTemplate TLS.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography subject Category:Cryptography.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography subject Category:Transport_Layer_Security.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography hypernym Mechanism.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography type Organisation.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography type Communication.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography type Redirect.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography comment "Server-Gated Cryptography (SGC), also known as International Step-Up by Netscape, is a defunct mechanism that was used to step up from 40-bit or 56-bit to 128-bit cipher suites with SSL. It was created in response to United States federal legislation on the export of strong cryptography in the 1990s. The legislation had limited encryption to weak algorithms and shorter key lengths in software exported outside of the United States of America.".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography label "Server-Gated Cryptography".
- Server-Gated_Cryptography sameAs Q7455608.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography sameAs Šifrování_SGC.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography sameAs m.02qvbcl.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography sameAs Q7455608.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography wasDerivedFrom Server-Gated_Cryptography?oldid=686680013.
- Server-Gated_Cryptography isPrimaryTopicOf Server-Gated_Cryptography.