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- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain abstract "The retriangulation of Great Britain was a triangulation project which involved erecting concrete pillars (trig points) on prominent hilltops throughout Great Britain. The aim was to replace the original triangulation of Britain, known as the Principal Triangulation, which had been performed between 1783 and 1853, with a more modern and accurate triangulation.It was commenced in 1935 by the new Director General of the Ordnance Survey, Major-General Malcolm MacLeod. The effort was directed by the cartographer and mathematician Martin Hotine, head of the Trigonometrical and Levelling Division, who planned the operation in a manner similar to a military campaign. Every detail of the operation and measurements was carefully specified in advance to attempt to produce the most accurate measurements possible, given available technology.Erecting new trig points and making measurements frequently required materials and instruments to be carried on foot, up hills and mountains and to isolated islands, in all kinds of weather. The network of trig points was built and measured between 1936 and 1962, starting with a set of several hundred primary trig points, most of which were placed on high hills so as to be able to link to one another across long distances. In addition, a larger set of roughly six thousand secondary trig points were added to allow the construction of a finer mesh that extended the reference frame of the primary mesh over shorter distances.The calculations were constrained; it was hoped to minimise the shifts from the coordinates based on the old triangulation. At eleven primary trig points from Dunnose on the Isle of Wight (456784 m E, 080150 m N) north to Great Whernside in Yorkshire (400202 E, 473904 N) the new lat-lons were adjusted to stay within a metre of the old ones. Once the new Latitude and Longitude of those eleven points were fixed the calculated location of every other point in the triangulation was based on them. By the time the retriangulation was completed, electronic distance-measuring devices had come into use which could have greatly reduced the overall error (it now seems Great Britain is 20+ metres shorter than OSGB36 implies) but starting over from scratch was out of the question.The results of the retriangulation were used to create the British national grid reference system which became the basis of the Ordnance Survey's new maps. The retriangulation generated a co-ordinate system which is still used today, and which allows plotting of the entire country with a relative accuracy from 20 metres (66 ft) over the scale of the whole country, down to less than 1 metre (3 ft 3 in) over distances of a few tens of kilometres (the more local the area covered by the map, the smaller the possible distortions).The triangulation method of surveying has been rendered redundant for many surveying applications by more convenient satellite-based GPS measurements, which can obtain an accuracy of 3.5 metres (11 ft) for best cases which deteriorates due to multipath, irregularities in troposphere propagation delay and electromagnetic interference. As a result, much of the trig point network is no longer actively maintained due to financial reasons, except for a few trig points that have been reused as part of the Ordnance Survey's National GPS Network.".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain thumbnail Crompton_Moor_Trig_Point_(1).jpg?width=300.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink history-retriangulation-great-britain-1935-1962.pdf.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink index.html.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink books?id=PWkKAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink index.asp.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink index.html.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink retriangulation-diagrams.pdf.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink ixtrvhome.html.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink index.php.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageExternalLink www.trigtools.co.uk.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageID "1440915".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageLength "6659".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageOutDegree "23".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageRevisionID "706705089".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Accuracy_and_precision.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Category:Geography_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Category:Surveying.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Dunnose,_Isle_of_Wight.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Frame_of_reference.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Geodesy.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Global_Positioning_System.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Great_Britain.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Great_Whernside.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Isle_of_Wight.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Malcolm_MacLeod_(British_Army_officer).
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Martin_Hotine.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink National_GPS_Network.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Ordnance_Survey.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Principal_Triangulation_of_Great_Britain.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Triangulation.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink Triangulation_station.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLink File:Crompton_Moor_Trig_Point_(1).jpg.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLinkText "Retriangulation of Great Britain".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLinkText "Triangulation Pillar".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLinkText "modified".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLinkText "new triangulation".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLinkText "retriangulation of 1936–1962".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageWikiLinkText "retriangulation of Great Britain".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Convert.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain subject Category:Geography_of_the_United_Kingdom.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain subject Category:Surveying.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain hypernym Project.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain type Band.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain comment "The retriangulation of Great Britain was a triangulation project which involved erecting concrete pillars (trig points) on prominent hilltops throughout Great Britain. The aim was to replace the original triangulation of Britain, known as the Principal Triangulation, which had been performed between 1783 and 1853, with a more modern and accurate triangulation.It was commenced in 1935 by the new Director General of the Ordnance Survey, Major-General Malcolm MacLeod.".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain label "Retriangulation of Great Britain".
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain sameAs Q7316937.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain sameAs m.051tbr.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain sameAs Q7316937.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain wasDerivedFrom Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain?oldid=706705089.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain depiction Crompton_Moor_Trig_Point_(1).jpg.
- Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain isPrimaryTopicOf Retriangulation_of_Great_Britain.