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- Polaron abstract "The energy spectrum of an electron moving in a periodical potential of rigid crystal lattice consists of allowed and forbidden bands and is known as the Bloch spectrum. An electron with energy inside an allowed band moves as a free electron but has an effective mass that differs from the electron mass in vacuum. However, a crystal lattice is deformable and displacements of atoms (ions) from their equilibrium positions are described in terms of phonons. Electrons interact with these displacements, and this interaction is known as electron-phonon coupling. One of possible scenarios was proposed in the seminal 1933 paper by Lev Landau, which includes the production of a lattice defect such as an F-center and a trapping of the electron by this defect. A different scenario was proposed by Solomon Pekar that envisions dressing the electron with lattice deformation (a cloud of virtual phonons). Such an electron with the accompanying deformation moves freely across the crystal, but with increased effective mass. Pekar coined for this charge carrier the term polaron.The general concept of a polaron has been extended to describe other interactions between the electrons and ions in metals that result in a bound state, or a lowering of energy compared to the non-interacting system. Major theoretical work has focused on solving Fröhlich and Holstein Hamiltonians. This is still an active field of research to find exact numerical solutions to the case of one or two electrons in a large crystal lattice, and to study the case of many interacting electrons.Experimentally, polarons are important to the understanding of a wide variety of materials. The electron mobility in semiconductors can be greatly decreased by the formation of polarons. Organic semiconductors are also sensitive to polaronic effects, which is particularly relevant in the design of organic solar cells that effectively transport charge. The electron phonon interaction that forms Cooper pairs in low-Tc superconductors (type-I superconductors) can also be modeled as a polaron, and two opposite spin electrons may form a bipolaron sharing a phonon cloud. This has been suggested as a mechanism for Cooper pair formation in high-Tc superconductors (type-II superconductors). Polarons are also important for interpreting the optical conductivity of these types of materials.The polaron, a fermionic quasiparticle, should not be confused with the polariton, a bosonic quasiparticle analogous to a hybridized state between a photon and an optical phonon.".
- Polaron thumbnail Polaron_scheme1.svg?width=300.
- Polaron wikiPageID "699689".
- Polaron wikiPageLength "36849".
- Polaron wikiPageOutDegree "59".
- Polaron wikiPageRevisionID "705886108".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Alpha_helix.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Bipolaron.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Bloch_spectrum.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Bose–Einstein_condensate.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Boson.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Bound_state.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Category:Ions.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Category:Quasiparticles.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Cooper_pair.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Crystal_structure.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Cyclotron_resonance.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Davydov_soliton.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Dielectric.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Effective_mass_(solid-state_physics).
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Exciton.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink F-Center.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Fermion.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Feshbach_resonance.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink File:FigP24-2.jpg.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink File:PolaronOptCond.jpg.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Franck–Condon_principle.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Hamiltonian_(quantum_mechanics).
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Herbert_Fröhlich.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Large_deviations_theory.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Lev_Landau.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Many-body_problem.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Nanostructure.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Optical_conductivity.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Organic_semiconductor.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Organic_solar_cell.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Phonon.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Piezoelectricity.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Polariton.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Protein.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Quasiparticle.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Richard_Feynman.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Second_quantization.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Semiconductor.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Sigurd_Zienau.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Solomon_Isaakovich_Pekar.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Spin_(physics).
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Superconductivity.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Type-II_superconductor.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Type-I_superconductor.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink Variational_principle.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLink File:Polaron_scheme1.svg.
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "Fröhlich polaron".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "Fröhlich-Holstein Hamiltonian".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "Polaron".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "Polaron#Polaron theory".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "Theory of the polaron".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "magnetic polarons".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "polaron".
- Polaron wikiPageWikiLinkText "polaronic".
- Polaron wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Clear.
- Polaron wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Condensed_matter_physics.
- Polaron wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Particles.
- Polaron wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Polaron subject Category:Ions.
- Polaron subject Category:Quasiparticles.
- Polaron type Particle.
- Polaron type Physic.
- Polaron type Substance.
- Polaron comment "The energy spectrum of an electron moving in a periodical potential of rigid crystal lattice consists of allowed and forbidden bands and is known as the Bloch spectrum. An electron with energy inside an allowed band moves as a free electron but has an effective mass that differs from the electron mass in vacuum. However, a crystal lattice is deformable and displacements of atoms (ions) from their equilibrium positions are described in terms of phonons.".
- Polaron label "Polaron".
- Polaron sameAs Q1074844.
- Polaron sameAs Polaró.
- Polaron sameAs Polaron.
- Polaron sameAs Polaron.
- Polaron sameAs Polarón.
- Polaron sameAs Polaron.
- Polaron sameAs Polarone.
- Polaron sameAs ポーラロン.
- Polaron sameAs Полярон.
- Polaron sameAs 폴라론.
- Polaron sameAs Polaron.
- Polaron sameAs Polaron.
- Polaron sameAs m.033vf6.
- Polaron sameAs Полярон.
- Polaron sameAs Polaron.
- Polaron sameAs Полярон.
- Polaron sameAs Polyaron.
- Polaron sameAs Q1074844.
- Polaron wasDerivedFrom Polaron?oldid=705886108.
- Polaron depiction Polaron_scheme1.svg.
- Polaron isPrimaryTopicOf Polaron.