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• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble abstract "The Parallel Element Processing Ensemble (also known as PEPE) was one of the very early parallel computing systems. Bell began researching the concept in the mid-1960s as a way to provide high performance computing support for the needs of anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems. The goal was to build a computer system that could simultaneously track up to 288 incoming ballistic missile warheads. A single PEPE system was built by Burroughs Corporation in the 1970s, by which time the US Army's ABM efforts were winding down. The design later evolved into the Burroughs Scientific Computer for commercial sales, but a lack of sales prospects led to it being withdrawn from the market.PEPE came about as a result of predictions of the sorts of ICBM forces that would be expected in the event of an all-out Soviet attack during the 1970s. Missile fleets of both the US and USSR were growing through the 1960s, but a bigger issue was the number of warheads as a result of the move to multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles] (MIRV). Computers designed for the Nike-X system were largely similar to systems like the IBM 7030, and would have been able to handle attacks with perhaps a dozen warheads arriving simultaneously. With MIRV, hundreds of targets, both warheads and decoys, would arrive at the same time, and the CPUs being used simply did not have the performance needed to analyze their trajectories quickly enough to leave time to attack them.An initial testbed system, the \"IC model\", was built with 16 processors consisting of individual integrated circuits and connected to an IBM 360/65 host. This proved successful, and Burroughs won the contract to build a prototype of the full-sized 288-processor version in the early 1970s. The design featured an array of 288 (8 × 36) identical processing elements and associative addressing. Each processing element contained a minimum of control logic, the bulk of the control being concentrated in a common control unit. The control unit read instructions from memory, decoded them, and issued them to all processing elements simultaneously so that the elements were required to execute exactly the same instruction at exactly the same time. The elements were capable of executing a complete single address instruction repertoire permitting any desired arithmetic or logical operation.A Burroughs B1700 computer system was used as a test and diagnostic computer. A custom software package, called TRANSET, which executed on the B1700 was used to debug and maintain PEPE's processing elements. Burroughs delivered PEPE to the Ballistic Missile Defense Advanced Technology Center (part of US Army's Strategic Defense Command) in Huntsville, Alabama in 1976. Testing was apparently successful, but Bell concluded that the machine was too expensive for the sorts of threats being faced by the Safeguard Program that was being deployed in the 1970s.".
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• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageRevisionID "695750370".
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Anti-ballistic_missile.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Ballistic_missile.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Burroughs_B1700.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Burroughs_Corporation.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Burroughs_Scientific_Computer.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Category:Anti-ballistic_missiles.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Category:Massively_parallel_computers.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Category:Parallel_computing.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Content-addressable_memory.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Huntsville,_Alabama.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink IBM_7030_Stretch.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink 360.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Integrated_circuit.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Multiple_independently_targetable_reentry_vehicle.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Nike-X.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Parallel_computing.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Safeguard_Program.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Army.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLink Warhead.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageWikiLinkText "Parallel Element Processing Ensemble".
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Comp-eng-stub.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Compu-hardware-stub.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble subject Category:Anti-ballistic_missiles.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble subject Category:Massively_parallel_computers.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble subject Category:Parallel_computing.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble type Class.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble type Computer.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble type Redirect.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble type Supercomputer.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble comment "The Parallel Element Processing Ensemble (also known as PEPE) was one of the very early parallel computing systems. Bell began researching the concept in the mid-1960s as a way to provide high performance computing support for the needs of anti-ballistic missile (ABM) systems. The goal was to build a computer system that could simultaneously track up to 288 incoming ballistic missile warheads.".
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble label "Parallel Element Processing Ensemble".
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble sameAs Q7134951.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble sameAs m.0d3qjn.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble sameAs Q7134951.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble wasDerivedFrom Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble?oldid=695750370.
• Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble isPrimaryTopicOf Parallel_Element_Processing_Ensemble.