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- Operating_reserve abstract "In electricity networks, the operating reserve is the generating capacity available to the system operator within a short interval of time to meet demand in case a generator goes down or there is another disruption to the supply. Most power systems are designed so that, under normal conditions, the operating reserve is always at least the capacity of the largest generator plus a fraction of the peak load.The operating reserve is made up of the spinning reserve as well as the non-spinning or supplemental reserve: The spinning reserve is the extra generating capacity that is available by increasing the power output of generators that are already connected to the power system. For most generators, this increase in power output is achieved by increasing the torque applied to the turbine's rotor. The non-spinning reserve or supplemental reserve is the extra generating capacity that is not currently connected to the system but can be brought online after a short delay. In isolated power systems, this typically equates to the power available from fast-start generators. However, in interconnected power systems, this may include the power available on short notice by importing power from other systems or retracting power that is currently being exported to other systems.Generators that intend to provide either spinning and non-spinning reserve should be able to reach their promised capacity within roughly ten minutes. Most power system guidelines require a significant fraction of their operating reserve to come from spinning reserve. This is because the spinning reserve is slightly more reliable (it doesn't suffer from start-up issues) and can respond immediately whereas with non-spinning reserve generators there is a delay as the generator starts-up offline.In addition, there are two other kinds of reserve power that are often discussed in combination with the operating reserve: the frequency-response reserve and the replacement reserve. The frequency-response reserve (also known as regulating reserve) is provided as an automatic reaction to a loss in supply. It occurs because immediately following a loss of supply, the generators slow down due to the increased load. To combat this slowing, many generators have a governor. By helping the generators to speed up, these governors provide a small boost to both the output frequency and the power of each generator. However, because the frequency-response reserve is often small and not at the discretion of the system operator it is not considered part of the operating reserve. The replacement reserve (also known as contingency reserve) is reserve power provided by generators that require a longer start-up time (typically thirty to sixty minutes). It is used to relieve the generators providing the spinning or non-spinning reserve and thus restore the operating reserve (confusingly the replacement reserve is sometimes known as the 30 or 60-minute operating reserve).↑ ↑ ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 ↑ ↑ ↑ 6.0 6.1".
- Operating_reserve thumbnail Reservepower.png?width=300.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageID "11068261".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageLength "4458".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageOutDegree "9".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageRevisionID "616053038".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Category:Power_engineering.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Electric_generator.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Electrical_grid.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Governor_(device).
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Load_profile.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Regional_transmission_organization.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Torque.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink Turbine.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLink File:Reservepower.png.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLinkText "Operating reserve".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLinkText "operating reserve".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLinkText "reserve generating".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLinkText "reserve".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageWikiLinkText "spinning reserve".
- Operating_reserve wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Electricity_generation.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Portal.
- Operating_reserve wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Operating_reserve subject Category:Power_engineering.
- Operating_reserve hypernym Capacity.
- Operating_reserve type ArchitecturalStructure.
- Operating_reserve comment "In electricity networks, the operating reserve is the generating capacity available to the system operator within a short interval of time to meet demand in case a generator goes down or there is another disruption to the supply.".
- Operating_reserve label "Operating reserve".
- Operating_reserve sameAs Q2137316.
- Operating_reserve sameAs Regelleistung_(Stromnetz).
- Operating_reserve sameAs Réserve_de_puissance.
- Operating_reserve sameAs m.02qzybm.
- Operating_reserve sameAs Operating_reserve.
- Operating_reserve sameAs Q2137316.
- Operating_reserve sameAs 備轉容量.
- Operating_reserve wasDerivedFrom Operating_reserve?oldid=616053038.
- Operating_reserve depiction Reservepower.png.
- Operating_reserve isPrimaryTopicOf Operating_reserve.