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• Open-world_assumption abstract "In a formal system of logic used for knowledge representation, the open-world assumption is the assumption that the truth value of a statement may be true irrespective of whether or not it is known to be true. It is the opposite of the closed-world assumption, which holds that any statement that is true is also known to be true.The open-world assumption (OWA) codifies the informal notion that in general no single agent or observer has complete knowledge, and therefore cannot make the closed-world assumption. The OWA limits the kinds of inference and deductions an agent can make to those that follow from statements that are known to the agent to be true. In contrast, the closed world assumption allows an agent to infer, from its lack of knowledge of a statement being true, anything that follows from that statement being false.Heuristically, the open-world assumption applies when we represent knowledge within a system as we discover it, and where we cannot guarantee that we have discovered or will discover complete information. In the OWA, statements about knowledge that are not included in or inferred from the knowledge explicitly recorded in the system may be considered unknown, rather than wrong or false. Semantic Web languages such as OWL make the open-world assumption. The absence of a particular statement within the web means, in principle, that the statement has not been made explicitly yet, irrespective of whether it would be true or not, and irrespective of whether we believe that it would be true or not. In essence, from the absence of a statement alone, a deductive reasoner cannot (and must not) infer that the statement is false.Many procedural programming languages and databases make the closed-world assumption. For example, if a typical airline database does not contain a seat assignment for a traveler, it is assumed that the traveler has not checked in. The closed-world assumption typically applies when a system has complete control over information; this is the case with many database applications where the database transaction system acts as a central broker and arbiter of concurrent requests by multiple independent clients (e.g., airline booking agents). There are, however, many databases with incomplete information: for example, one cannot assume that because there is no mention on a patient's history of a particular allergy, that the patient does not suffer from that allergy.Example Statement: \"Mary\" \"is a citizen of\" \"France\" Question: Is Paul a citizen of France? \"Closed world\" (for example SQL) answer: No. \"Open world\" answer: Unknown.Under OWA, failure to derive a fact does not imply the opposite. For example, assume we only know that Mary is a citizen of France. From this information we can neither conclude that Paul is not a citizen of France, nor that he is. Therefore, we admit the fact that our knowledge of the world is incomplete. The open-world assumption is closely related to the monotonic nature of first-order logic: adding new information never falsifies a previous conclusion. Namely, if we subsequently learn that Paul is also a citizen of France, this does not change any earlier positive or negative conclusions.The language of logic programs with strong negation allows us to postulate the closed-world assumption for some predicates and leave the other predicates in the realm of the open-world assumption.".
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageExternalLink 9780136042594.page.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageID "2692616".
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageLength "4199".
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageOutDegree "17".
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageRevisionID "626271390".
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Category:Knowledge_representation.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Category:Logic_programming.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Closed-world_assumption.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Database.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Database_transaction.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink First-order_logic.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Knowledge_representation_and_reasoning.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Logical_consequence.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Mathematical_logic.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Monotonicity_of_entailment.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Procedural_programming.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Semantic_Web.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Stable_model_semantics.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Statement_(logic).
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Truth_value.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLink Web_Ontology_Language.
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLinkText "Open-world assumption".
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageWikiLinkText "open-world assumption".
• Open-world_assumption wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Cite_book.
• Open-world_assumption subject Category:Knowledge_representation.
• Open-world_assumption subject Category:Logic_programming.
• Open-world_assumption hypernym Assumption.
• Open-world_assumption type Redirect.
• Open-world_assumption comment "In a formal system of logic used for knowledge representation, the open-world assumption is the assumption that the truth value of a statement may be true irrespective of whether or not it is known to be true.".
• Open-world_assumption label "Open-world assumption".
• Open-world_assumption sameAs Q851949.
• Open-world_assumption sameAs Hypothèse_du_monde_ouvert.
• Open-world_assumption sameAs Nyílt_világ_feltételezés.
• Open-world_assumption sameAs m.07ybbw.
• Open-world_assumption sameAs Предположение_об_открытости_мира.
• Open-world_assumption sameAs Q851949.
• Open-world_assumption sameAs 开放世界假定.
• Open-world_assumption wasDerivedFrom Open-world_assumption?oldid=626271390.
• Open-world_assumption isPrimaryTopicOf Open-world_assumption.