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- Nine_Years_War abstract "The Nine Years' War (1688–97) – often called the War of the Grand Alliance or the War of the League of Augsburg – was a major war of the late 17th century fought between King Louis XIV of France, and a European-wide coalition, the Grand Alliance, led by the Anglo-Dutch Stadtholder-King William III, Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I, King Charles II of Spain, Victor Amadeus II of Savoy, and the major and minor princes of the Holy Roman Empire. The Nine Years' War was fought primarily on mainland Europe and its surrounding waters, but it also encompassed a theatre in Ireland and in Scotland, where William III and James II struggled for control of the British Isles, and a campaign in colonial North America between French and English settlers and their respective Indian allies, called “King William’s War” by the English colonists.Louis XIV had emerged from the Franco-Dutch War in 1678 as the most powerful monarch in Europe; yet the \"Sun King\" remained unsatisfied. Using a combination of aggression, annexation, and quasi-legal means, Louis XIV immediately set about extending his gains to stabilise and strengthen France's frontiers, culminating in the brief War of the Reunions (1683–84). The resulting Truce of Ratisbon guaranteed France's new borders for twenty years, but Louis XIV's subsequent actions – notably his revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685 – led to the deterioration of his military and political dominance. Louis XIV's decision to cross the Rhine in September 1688 was designed to extend his influence and pressure the Holy Roman Empire into accepting his territorial and dynastic claims. But when Leopold I and the German princes resolved to resist, and when the States General and William III brought the Dutch and the English into the war against France, the French King at last faced a powerful coalition aimed at curtailing his ambitions.The main fighting took place around France's borders: in the Spanish Netherlands; the Rhineland; Duchy of Savoy; and Catalonia. The fighting generally favoured Louis XIV's armies, but by 1696 his country was in the grip of an economic crisis. The Maritime Powers (England and the Dutch Republic) were also financially exhausted, and when Savoy defected from the Alliance all parties were keen for a negotiated settlement. By the terms of the Treaty of Ryswick (1697) Louis XIV retained the whole of Alsace, but he was forced to return Lorraine to its ruler and give up any gains on the right bank of the Rhine. Louis XIV also accepted William III as the rightful King of England, while the Dutch acquired their Barrier fortress system in the Spanish Netherlands to help secure their own borders. However, with the ailing and childless Charles II of Spain approaching his end, a new conflict over the inheritance of the Spanish Empire would soon embroil Louis XIV and the Grand Alliance in a final war – the War of the Spanish Succession.".
- Nine_Years_War combatant "(until 1691)".
- Nine_Years_War combatant "*".
- Nine_Years_War combatant "22px|border|link=".
- Nine_Years_War combatant "Grand Alliance:".
- Nine_Years_War combatant "Jacobites".
- Nine_Years_War combatant "Spanish Empire".
- Nine_Years_War combatant "Swedish Empire".
- Nine_Years_War commander Anne_Jules_de_Noailles.
- Nine_Years_War commander Antoine_Nompar_de_Caumont.
- Nine_Years_War commander Carlos_de_Aragón_de_Gurrea,_9th_Duke_of_Villahermosa.
- Nine_Years_War commander Charles_V,_Duke_of_Lorraine.
- Nine_Years_War commander Duchy_of_Savoy.
- Nine_Years_War commander Dutch_Republic.
- Nine_Years_War commander Francisco_Antonio_de_Agurto,_Marquis_of_Gastañaga.
- Nine_Years_War commander François-Henri_de_Montmorency,_duc_de_Luxembourg.
- Nine_Years_War commander François_de_Neufville,_duc_de_Villeroy.
- Nine_Years_War commander Frederick_I_of_Prussia.
- Nine_Years_War commander Frederick_Schomberg,_1st_Duke_of_Schomberg.
- Nine_Years_War commander Godert_de_Ginkell,_1st_Earl_of_Athlone.
- Nine_Years_War commander Guy_Aldonce_de_Durfort_de_Lorges.
- Nine_Years_War commander Holy_Roman_Empire.
- Nine_Years_War commander Jacques_Henri_de_Durfort_de_Duras.
- Nine_Years_War commander James_II_of_England.
- Nine_Years_War commander Kingdom_of_England.
- Nine_Years_War commander Kingdom_of_France.
- Nine_Years_War commander Kingdom_of_Scotland.
- Nine_Years_War commander Leopold_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Nine_Years_War commander Louis_François,_duc_de_Boufflers.
- Nine_Years_War commander Louis_Joseph,_Duke_of_Vendôme.
- Nine_Years_War commander Louis_William,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden.
- Nine_Years_War commander Louis_XIV_of_France.
- Nine_Years_War commander Mary_II_of_England.
- Nine_Years_War commander Maximilian_II_Emanuel,_Elector_of_Bavaria.
- Nine_Years_War commander Nicolas_Catinat.
- Nine_Years_War commander Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy.
- Nine_Years_War commander Prince_Georg_Friedrich_of_Waldeck.
- Nine_Years_War commander Richard_Talbot,_1st_Earl_of_Tyrconnell.
- Nine_Years_War commander Spain.
- Nine_Years_War commander Sébastien_Le_Prestre_de_Vauban.
- Nine_Years_War commander Victor_Amadeus_II_of_Sardinia.
- Nine_Years_War commander William_III_of_England.
- Nine_Years_War date "1688-09-27".
- Nine_Years_War place Asia.
- Nine_Years_War place Europe.
- Nine_Years_War place Ireland.
- Nine_Years_War place North_America.
- Nine_Years_War place Scotland.
- Nine_Years_War place South_America.
- Nine_Years_War result "Louis XIVrecognisesWilliam III of Orangeas King of England, Scotland and Ireland.".
- Nine_Years_War result "Treaty of Ryswick".
- Nine_Years_War territory Acadia.
- Nine_Years_War territory Alsace.
- Nine_Years_War territory Breisach.
- Nine_Years_War territory Freiburg_im_Breisgau.
- Nine_Years_War territory Kortrijk.
- Nine_Years_War territory Luxembourg.
- Nine_Years_War territory Pagoda_(coin).
- Nine_Years_War territory Philippsburg.
- Nine_Years_War territory Puducherry_district.
- Nine_Years_War thumbnail Siege_of_Namur_(1692).JPG?width=300.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageID "224589".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageID "4950231".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageLength "102287".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageLength "53".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageOutDegree "1".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageOutDegree "495".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageRedirects Nine_Years_War.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageRevisionID "390658101".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageRevisionID "706778954".
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Abenaki.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Abraham_Duquesne-Guitton.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Acadia.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Adriaen_van_Diest.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Albany,_New_York.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Algonquin_people.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Alps.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Alsace.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Amsterdam.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink André,_marquis_de_Nesmond.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Anne_Hilarion_de_Tourville.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Anne_Jules_de_Noailles.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Anthonie_Heinsius.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_Nompar_de_Caumont.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_de_Pas_de_Feuquières.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Arthur_Herbert,_1st_Earl_of_Torrington.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Asia.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Ath.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Attrition_warfare.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Augsburg.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Augustus_II_the_Strong.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Bad_Münster_am_Stein-Ebernburg.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Baden.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Aughrim.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Bantry_Bay.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Beachy_Head_(1690).
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Camaret.
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Fleurus_(1690).
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Lagos_(1693).
- Nine_Years_War wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Landen.