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• Napiers_bones abstract "Napier's bones is a manually-operated calculating device created by John Napier of Merchiston for calculation of products and quotients of numbers. The method was based on Arab mathematics and the lattice multiplication used by Matrakci Nasuh in the Umdet-ul Hisab and Fibonacci's work in his Liber Abaci. The technique was also called Rabdology (from Greek ῥάβδoς [r(h)abdos], \"rod\" and -λογία [logia], \"study\"). Napier published his version in 1617 in Rabdologiæ, printed in Edinburgh, Scotland, dedicated to his patron Alexander Seton.Using the multiplication tables embedded in the rods, multiplication can be reduced to addition operations and division to subtractions. More advanced use of the rods can even extract square roots. Note that Napier's bones are not the same as logarithms, with which Napier's name is also associated.The complete device usually includes a base board with a rim; the user places Napier's rods inside the rim to conduct multiplication or division. The board's left edge is divided into 9 squares, holding the numbers 1 to 9. The Napier's rods consist of strips of wood, metal or heavy cardboard. Napier's bones are three-dimensional, square in cross section, with four different rods engraved on each one. A set of such bones might be enclosed in a convenient carrying case.A rod's surface comprises 9 squares, and each square, except for the top one, comprises two halves divided by a diagonal line. The first square of each rod holds a single digit, and the other squares hold this number's double, triple, quadruple, quintuple, and so on until the last square contains nine times the number in the top square. The digits of each product are written one to each side of the diagonal; numbers less than 10 occupy the lower triangle, with a zero in the top half.A set consists of 10 rods corresponding to digits 0 to 9. The rod 0, although it may look unnecessary, is needed for multipliers or multiplicands having 0 in them.".
• Napiers_bones thumbnail An_18th_century_set_of_Napiers_Bones.JPG?width=300.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageExternalLink Napier.shtml.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageExternalLink mechcal.htm.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageID "252176".
• Napiers_bones wikiPageLength "43383".
• Napiers_bones wikiPageOutDegree "52".
• Napiers_bones wikiPageRevisionID "704081193".
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Seton,_1st_Earl_of_Dunfermline.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Biblioteca_Nacional_de_España.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Binomial_(polynomial).
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Calculation.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Card_abacus.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Carry_(arithmetic).
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mathematical_tools.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mechanical_calculators.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Category:Multiplication.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Category:Scottish_inventions.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Cut-the-Knot.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Edinburgh.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Fibonacci.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Genaille–Lucas_rulers.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Henri_Genaille.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink John_Napier.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Kensington.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Lattice_multiplication.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Liber_Abaci.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Logarithm.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Long_division.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Madrid.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Mathematics_in_medieval_Islam.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Matrakçı_Nasuh.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Merchiston_Tower.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink National_Archaeological_Museum_of_Spain.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Pascals_calculator.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Philip_II_of_Spain.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Polyhedron.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Prince_of_Wales.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Scotland.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Slide_rule.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Spanish_Royal_Academy_of_Sciences.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Square_root.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink Umdet-ul_Hisab.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:An_18th_century_set_of_Napiers_Bones.JPG.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Bones_of_Napier_(board_and_rods).png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Genaille-Lucas_rulers_example_5.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napier-example-3.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napier_Modification.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_1_pic_1.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_1_pic_2.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_1_pic_3.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_2_pic_1.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_2_pic_2.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_2_pic_3.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_3_pic_1.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_3_pic_2.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Napiers_Bones_ex_3_pic_3.png.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLink File:Ábacos_neperianos_(M.A.N._Madrid)_01.jpg.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLinkText "Napier's bones".
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLinkText "Napier's rods".
• Napiers_bones wikiPageWikiLinkText "calculation aid".
• Napiers_bones wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Howto.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Main.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:More_footnotes.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Multiple_issues.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Rabdology.
• Napiers_bones wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Unreferenced_section.
• Napiers_bones subject Category:Mathematical_tools.
• Napiers_bones subject Category:Mechanical_calculators.
• Napiers_bones subject Category:Multiplication.
• Napiers_bones subject Category:Scottish_inventions.
• Napiers_bones hypernym Device.
• Napiers_bones type Device.
• Napiers_bones type Machine.
• Napiers_bones type Page.
• Napiers_bones type Redirect.
• Napiers_bones type Technology.
• Napiers_bones type Tool.
• Napiers_bones comment "Napier's bones is a manually-operated calculating device created by John Napier of Merchiston for calculation of products and quotients of numbers. The method was based on Arab mathematics and the lattice multiplication used by Matrakci Nasuh in the Umdet-ul Hisab and Fibonacci's work in his Liber Abaci. The technique was also called Rabdology (from Greek ῥάβδoς [r(h)abdos], \"rod\" and -λογία [logia], \"study\").".
• Napiers_bones label "Napier's bones".
• Napiers_bones sameAs Q1358538.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Àbac_neperià.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Napiersche_Rechenstäbchen.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Ábaco_neperiano.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Bâtons_de_Napier.
• Napiers_bones sameAs עצמות_נפייר.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Napierove_kosti.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Bastoncini_di_Nepero.
• Napiers_bones sameAs ネイピアの骨.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Kostki_Napiera.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Ossos_de_Napier.
• Napiers_bones sameAs m.01lf09.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Палочки_Непера.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Napierove_kosti.
• Napiers_bones sameAs กระดูกนาเปียร์.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Napierin_kemikleri.
• Napiers_bones sameAs Q1358538.
• Napiers_bones sameAs 納皮爾的骨頭.
• Napiers_bones wasDerivedFrom Napiers_bones?oldid=704081193.
• Napiers_bones depiction An_18th_century_set_of_Napiers_Bones.JPG.

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