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- Isotopes_of_xenon abstract "Naturally occurring xenon (Xe) is made of eight stable isotopes and one very long-lived isotope. (124Xe, 126Xe, and 134Xe are predicted to undergo double beta decay, but this has never been observed in these isotopes, so they are considered to be stable.) Xenon has the second highest number of stable isotopes. Only tin, with 10 stable isotopes, has more. Beyond these stable forms, there are over 30 unstable isotopes and isomers that have been studied, the longest-lived of which is 136Xe, which undergoes double beta decay with a half-life of 2.165 ± 0.016(stat) ± 0.059(sys) ×1021 years with the next longest lived being 127Xe with a half-life of 36.345 days. Of known isomers, the longest-lived is 131mXe with a half-life of 11.934 days. 129Xe is produced by beta decay of 129I (half-life: 16 million years); 131mXe, 133Xe, 133mXe, and 135Xe are some of the fission products of both 235U and 239Pu, and therefore used as indicators of nuclear explosions.The artificial isotope 135Xe is of considerable significance in the operation of nuclear fission reactors. 135Xe has a huge cross section for thermal neutrons, 2.65×106 barns, so it acts as a neutron absorber or \"poison\" that can slow or stop the chain reaction after a period of operation. This was discovered in the earliest nuclear reactors built by the American Manhattan Project for plutonium production. Fortunately the designers had made provisions in the design to increase the reactor's reactivity (the number of neutrons per fission that go on to fission other atoms of nuclear fuel).Relatively high concentrations of radioactive xenon isotopes are also found emanating from nuclear reactors due to the release of this fission gas from cracked fuel rods or fissioning of uranium in cooling water. The concentrations of these isotopes are still usually low compared to the naturally occurring radioactive noble gas 222Rn.Because xenon is a tracer for two parent isotopes, Xe isotope ratios in meteorites are a powerful tool for studying the formation of the solar system. The I-Xe method of dating gives the time elapsed between nucleosynthesis and the condensation of a solid object from the solar nebula (Xenon being a gas, only that part of it that formed after condensation will be present inside the object). Xenon isotopes are also a powerful tool for understanding terrestrial differentiation. Excess 129Xe found in carbon dioxide well gases from New Mexico was believed to be from the decay of mantle-derived gases soon after Earth's formation.Relative atomic mass: 131.293(6).All other isotopes have half-lives less than 12 days, most less than 20 hours. The shortest-lived isotope is 148Xe with a half-life of 408 ns. Its 41 isotopes have mass numbers ranging from 108 to 148.108Xe (disc. 2011) is the second heaviest nuclide with equal numbers of protons and neutrons, after 112Ba.".
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Alpha_decay.
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Atomic_mass.
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Barium.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Barn_(unit).
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Beta_decay.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Brain.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Brookhaven_National_Laboratory.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink CRC_Handbook_of_Chemistry_and_Physics.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink CRC_Press.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Carbon_dioxide.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Category:Isotopes_of_xenon.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Category:Lists_of_isotopes_by_element.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Category:Xenon.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Day.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Decay_chain.
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Electron_capture.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Formation_and_evolution_of_the_Solar_System.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Half-life.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink International_Union_of_Pure_and_Applied_Chemistry.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Iodine.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Iodine_pit.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Isotope.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Isotope_fractionation.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Isotopes_of_iodine.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Isotopes_of_radon.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Isotopes_of_tellurium.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Isotopic_labeling.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Isotopic_signature.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink List_of_elements_by_stability_of_isotopes.
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Manhattan_Project.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Mantle_(geology).
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Nucleosynthesis.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Planetary_differentiation.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Plutonium.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Plutonium-239.
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Radiometric_dating.
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- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Relative_atomic_mass.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Stable_isotope_ratio.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Stable_nuclide.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Standard_deviation.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Synthetic_radioisotope.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Tin.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Uranium-235.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Xenon.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Xenon-135.
- Isotopes_of_xenon wikiPageWikiLink Talk:Isotopes_of_xenon.
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