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- Induced_radioactivity abstract "Induced radioactivity occurs when a previously stable material has been made radioactive by exposure to specific radiation. Most radioactivity does not induce other material to become radioactive. This Induced radioactivity was discovered by Irène Curie and F. Joliot in 1934. This is also known as man-made radioactivity. The phenomenon by which even light elements are made radioactive by artificial or induced methods is called artificial radioactivity.Curie and Joliot showed that when lighter elements such as boron and aluminium were bombarded with α-particles, there was a continuous emission of radioactive radiations, even after the α−source had been removed. They showed that the radiation was due to the emission of a particle carrying one unit positive charge with mass equal to that of an electron.Neutron activation is the main form of induced radioactivity, which happens when free neutrons are captured by nuclei. This new heavier isotope can be stable or unstable (radioactive) depending on the chemical element involved. Because free neutrons disintegrate within minutes outside of an atomic nucleus, neutron radiation can be obtained only from nuclear disintegrations, nuclear reactions, and high-energy reactions (such as in cosmic radiation showers or particle accelerator collisions). Neutrons that have been slowed down through a neutron moderator (thermal neutrons) are more likely to be captured by nuclei than fast neutrons.A less common form involves removing a neutron via photodisintegration. In this reaction, a high energy photon (gamma ray) strikes a nucleus with an energy greater than the binding energy of the atom, releasing a neutron. This reaction has a minimum cutoff of 2 MeV (for deuterium) and around 10 MeV for most heavy nuclei. Many radionuclides do not produce gamma rays with energy high enough to induce this reaction. The isotopes used in food irradiation (cobalt-60, caesium-137) both have energy peaks below this cutoff and thus cannot induce radioactivity in the food.Some induced radioactivity is produced by background radiation, which is mostly natural. However, since natural radiation is not very intense in most places on Earth, the amount of induced radioactivity in a single location is usually very small. The conditions inside certain types of nuclear reactors with high neutron flux can cause induced radioactivity. The components in those reactors may become highly radioactive from the radiation to which they are exposed. Induced radioactivity increases the amount of nuclear waste that must eventually be disposed, but it is not referred to as radioactive contamination unless it is uncontrolled.".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageExternalLink la-conference-nobel-de-frederic-joliot-decembre-1935.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageExternalLink ae636.cfm.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageID "3291252".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageLength "3716".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageOutDegree "41".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageRevisionID "701515127".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Aluminium.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Atom.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Atomic_nucleus.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Background_radiation.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Binding_energy.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Boron.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Caesium.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Category:Radiation_effects.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Category:Radioactive_waste.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Category:Radioactivity.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_element.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Cobalt.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Cosmic_ray.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Decay_chain.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Deuterium.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Earth.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Electronvolt.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Food_irradiation.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Frédéric_Joliot-Curie.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Gamma_ray.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Irène_Joliot-Curie.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Isotope.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Neutron.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Neutron_activation.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Neutron_flux.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Neutron_moderator.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Neutron_radiation.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Neutron_temperature.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_reaction.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Nuclear_reactor.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Particle_accelerator.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Photodisintegration.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Radiation.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Radioactive_contamination.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Radioactive_decay.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Radioactive_waste.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLink Radiocarbon_dating.
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLinkText "Induced radioactivity".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLinkText "artificial radioactivity".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLinkText "become radioactive".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLinkText "induced radioactivity".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLinkText "induces".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageWikiLinkText "radioactive".
- Induced_radioactivity wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Refimprove.
- Induced_radioactivity subject Category:Radiation_effects.
- Induced_radioactivity subject Category:Radioactive_waste.
- Induced_radioactivity subject Category:Radioactivity.
- Induced_radioactivity type Physic.
- Induced_radioactivity type Redirect.
- Induced_radioactivity comment "Induced radioactivity occurs when a previously stable material has been made radioactive by exposure to specific radiation. Most radioactivity does not induce other material to become radioactive. This Induced radioactivity was discovered by Irène Curie and F. Joliot in 1934. This is also known as man-made radioactivity.".
- Induced_radioactivity label "Induced radioactivity".
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs Q423066.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs نشاط_إشعاعي_مستحث.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs Aktivierung_(Radioaktivität).
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs Radioactivité_induite.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs 誘導放射能.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs m.093pcw.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs Наведённая_радиоактивность.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs தூண்டப்பட்ட_கதிரியக்கம்.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs Наведена_радіоактивність.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs Phóng_xạ_nhân_tạo.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs Q423066.
- Induced_radioactivity sameAs 感生放射性.
- Induced_radioactivity wasDerivedFrom Induced_radioactivity?oldid=701515127.
- Induced_radioactivity isPrimaryTopicOf Induced_radioactivity.