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• Horned_lizard abstract "Horned lizards are a genus (Phrynosoma) of lizards which are the type genus of the family Phrynosomatidae. The horned lizard has been affectionately called a \"horny toad\", or \"horned frog\" by generations of school children, who in the Southwest USA are taught that horny toads are actually lizards, not moist-skinned toads or frogs. The common names come from the lizard's flattened, rounded body and blunt snout, which make it resemble a toad or frog (Phrynosoma means \"toad-bodied\"), as well as its tendency, in common with larger true frogs and toads, to move sluggishly, making them easy to hand catch (such slow, undramatic movements may also avoid triggering attacks by predators, discussed later in this article). The spines on its back and sides are made from modified Reptile scales, whereas the horns on the heads are true horns (i.e. they have a bony core). Of 15 species of horned lizards in North America, eight are native to the United States. The largest-bodied and most widely distributed of the US species is the Texas horned lizard.Horned lizards use a wide variety of means to avoid predation. Their coloration generally serves as camouflage. When threatened, their first defense is to remain still to avoid detection. If approached too closely, they generally run in short bursts and stop abruptly to confuse the predator's visual acuity. If this fails, they puff up their bodies to cause them to appear more horned and larger, so that they are more difficult to swallow. At least eight species (P. asio, P. cornutum, P. coronatum, P. ditmarsi, P. hernandesi, P. orbiculare, P. solare, and P. taurus) are also able to squirt an aimed stream of blood from the corners of the eyes for a distance of up to 5 feet (1.5 m). They do this by restricting the blood flow leaving the head, thereby increasing blood pressure and rupturing tiny vessels around the eyelids. This not only confuses predators, but also the blood tastes foul to canine and feline predators. It appears to have no effect against predatory birds. Only three closely related species (P. mcallii, P. modestum, and P. platyrhinos) are certainly known to be unable to squirt blood. To avoid being picked up by the head or neck, a horned lizard ducks or elevates its head and orients its cranial horns straight up, or back. If a predator tries to take it by the body, the lizard drives that side of its body down into the ground so the predator cannot easily get its lower jaw underneath.".
• Horned_lizard class Reptile.
• Horned_lizard family Phrynosomatidae.
• Horned_lizard kingdom Animal.
• Horned_lizard order Lizard.
• Horned_lizard order Squamata.
• Horned_lizard phylum Chordate.
• Horned_lizard phylum Vertebrate.
• Horned_lizard thumbnail Horned_lizard_032507_kdh.jpg?width=300.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageExternalLink phryno.html.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageExternalLink waterville.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageExternalLink mclizard.htm.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageExternalLink horned.phtml.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageExternalLink www.hornedlizards.org.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageID "334392".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageLength "11049".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageOutDegree "87".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageRevisionID "704344550".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Alfredo_Dugès.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Animal.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Arend_Friedrich_August_Wiegmann.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Auguste_Duméril.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Autohaemorrhaging.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Bird.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Camouflage.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Carl_Linnaeus.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Category:Lizards_of_North_America.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Category:Phrynosomatids.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Category:Symbols_of_Wyoming.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Cedros_Island_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Frédéric_Girard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Chordate.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Coast_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Desert_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Dog.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Drinker_Cope.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Edward_Hallowell_(herpetologist).
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Eyelid.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Felinae.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Flat-tail_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Frog.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Genus.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Giant_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Greater_short-horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Gulf_Coast_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Henri_Marie_Ducrotay_de_Blainville.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Hobart_Muir_Smith.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink John_Edward_Gray.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink John_Van_Denburgh.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Karl_Patterson_Schmidt.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Leonhard_Stejneger.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Marie_Firmin_Bocourt.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Mexican_Plateau_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Mexican_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink North_America.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Northern_desert_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Phrynosoma_cerroense.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Phrynosomatidae.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Predation.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Pygmy_short-horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink R.R._Montanucci.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Regal_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Reptile.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Reptile_scale.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Richard_Harlan.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Rock_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Roundtail_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Short-tailed_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Squamata.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink T._Bell.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink TCU_Horned_Frogs.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Texas_Christian_University.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Texas_horned_lizard.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Thomas_Barbour.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Toad.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Type_genus.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink U.S._state_reptiles.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink United_States.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink Vertebrate.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink File:Federal_horned_toad_pic.jpg.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLink File:Horned_lizards.jpg.
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "Horned Toad".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "Horned lizard".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "Horned toad".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "Horned_lizard".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "Phrynosoma".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "horned lizard (''Phrynosoma'')".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "horned lizard".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "horned toad".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "horned toads".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "horned".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "horny toads".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "phrynosomatid".
• Horned_lizard wikiPageWikiLinkText "regal horned lizard".
• Horned_lizard classis Reptile.
• Horned_lizard familia Phrynosomatidae.
• Horned_lizard genus "Phrynosoma".
• Horned_lizard genusAuthority "Wiegmann, 1828".
• Horned_lizard imageCaption Regal_horned_lizard.

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