Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Henri_Braconnot> ?p ?o }
- Henri_Braconnot abstract "Henri Braconnot (May 29, 1780, Commercy, Meuse - January 15, 1855, Nancy) was a French chemist and pharmacist.He was born in Commercy, his father being a counsel at the local parliament. At the death of his father, in 1787, Henri began his instruction in an elementary school in Commercy and then with private teachers.At 13, he was placed as apprentice in a pharmacy in Nancy where he learned and practiced pharmacy, chemistry, and botany. At 15, he left Nancy for a military service in an hospital in Strasbourg.In 1801-1802, he lived in Paris where he learnt in various schools, Museum, school of medicine among others, and followed the lectures of Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck and Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. He carried out some chemical investigations on the composition of a fossil horn which were published later (J Chim Phys 1806).From 1802 to his death, he lived in Nancy where he was named in 1807 as director of the botanical garden and member of the scientific academy of the town. He worked as a chemist until his death mainly on plant chemistry. He made several research on plant assimilation, organic acids, plant composition and fats. He made also minor contributions to mineralogy and hydrology.He was elected in 1823 correspondent member of the Académie des Sciences in Paris. Until his death in 1855, he published 112 works.In the fat domain, Braconnot described in 1815 that fats are formed of a solid part (\"absolute tallow\") and an oily compound (\"absolute oil\"), their consistency resulting from the proportions of the two parts. This conclusion was obtained after pressing fats in the cold between filter papers (Ann Chimie 1815, 93, 225). Furthermore, after saponification and acidification Braconnot separated a solid fraction similar to \"adipocire\" described by Fourcroy (1806). Unfortunately, he did not observe its acid properties which led Chevreul to discover in 1820 stearic acid. As these data were similar to the first data obtained by Chevreul as soon as 1813, the later sent a letter to the journal Annales de Chimie claiming his priority and contesting the originality of Braconnot's work (Ann Chim 1815, 94, 73).As an application of his laboratory work, it occurred to Braconnot that the \"absolute tallow\" (similar to stearine) from beef or sheep could be used to make candles. He named that substance \"céromimène\" (wax-like). With Simonin F, a pharmacist in Nancy, he patented in 1818 a process of candle manufacture. An improved process using stearic acid was patented by Chevreul seven years later.In the domain of plant chemistry, Braconnot contributed to the isolation and the description of several compounds, most of which were shown later to be mixtures of simpler products. Among others, Braconnot discovered gallic and ellagic acids (1818) and pyrogallic acid (pyrogallol) which later enabled the development of photography. He discovered also in 1811 chitin in mushrooms, the earliest known polysaccharide. In 1819, he published a memoir describing for the first time the conversion of wood, straw or cotton into a sugar by a sulfuric acid treatment. The name glucose was proposed 24 years later by Dumas for a sugar similarly obtained from starch, cellulose, or honey.By the same acid process, Braconnot obtained a \"gelatin sugar\" (named later glycocolle, now glycine) from gelatin and leucine from muscle fibers. Furthermore, reacting concentrated nitric acid on wood or cotton, Braconnot obtained an inflammable product, xyloïdine (a precursor of collodion and nitrocellulose), which could be transformed into a vitreous varnish. This substance may be considered as the first polymer or plastic material created by a chemist.In 1825, he discovered a structural heteropolysaccharide, pectin.".
- Henri_Braconnot birthDate "1780-05-29".
- Henri_Braconnot birthPlace Commercy.
- Henri_Braconnot birthPlace France.
- Henri_Braconnot deathDate "1855-01-15".
- Henri_Braconnot deathPlace France.
- Henri_Braconnot deathPlace Nancy,_France.
- Henri_Braconnot field Chemistry.
- Henri_Braconnot field Pharmacy.
- Henri_Braconnot knownFor Chitin.
- Henri_Braconnot knownFor Pectin.
- Henri_Braconnot nationality French_people.
- Henri_Braconnot thumbnail Henri_Braconnot.jpg?width=300.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageExternalLink braconnot.htm.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageID "573436".
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageLength "5813".
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageOutDegree "54".
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageRevisionID "703206577".
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Annales_de_chimie_et_de_physique.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_François,_comte_de_Fourcroy.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Botany.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Category:1780_births.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Category:1855_deaths.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Category:French_chemists.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Commercy.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Cellulose.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Chemist.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Chemistry.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Chitin.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Collodion.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Commercy.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Ellagic_acid.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Fat.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink France.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink French_Academy_of_Sciences.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink French_people.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Gallic_acid.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Glucose.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Glycine.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Hydrology.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Baptiste_Dumas.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Meuse_(department).
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Michel_Eugène_Chevreul.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Mineralogy.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Nancy,_France.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Nitric_acid.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Nitrocellulose.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Organic_acid.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Paris.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Pectin.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Pharmacist.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Pharmacy.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Plant_composition.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Polymer.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Polysaccharide.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Pyrogallol.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Saponification.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Starch.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Stearic_acid.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Strasbourg.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Xyloïdine.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLink Étienne_Geoffroy_Saint-Hilaire.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLinkText "Braconnot".
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLinkText "Braconnot, Henri".
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLinkText "Henri Braconnot".
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageWikiLinkText "Henri_Braconnot".
- Henri_Braconnot birthDate "1780-05-29".
- Henri_Braconnot birthPlace Commercy.
- Henri_Braconnot birthPlace France.
- Henri_Braconnot caption "Henri Braconnot".
- Henri_Braconnot deathDate "1855-01-15".
- Henri_Braconnot deathPlace France.
- Henri_Braconnot deathPlace Nancy,_France.
- Henri_Braconnot field Chemistry.
- Henri_Braconnot field Pharmacy.
- Henri_Braconnot imageSize "150".
- Henri_Braconnot knownFor "discovered chitin and pectin".
- Henri_Braconnot name "Henri Braconnot".
- Henri_Braconnot nationality French_people.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation.
- Henri_Braconnot wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_scientist.
- Henri_Braconnot subject Category:1780_births.
- Henri_Braconnot subject Category:1855_deaths.
- Henri_Braconnot subject Category:French_chemists.
- Henri_Braconnot subject Category:People_from_Commercy.
- Henri_Braconnot hypernym Chemist.
- Henri_Braconnot type Agent.
- Henri_Braconnot type Person.
- Henri_Braconnot type Scientist.
- Henri_Braconnot type Person.
- Henri_Braconnot type Agent.
- Henri_Braconnot type NaturalPerson.
- Henri_Braconnot type Thing.
- Henri_Braconnot type Q215627.
- Henri_Braconnot type Q5.
- Henri_Braconnot type Q901.
- Henri_Braconnot type Person.
- Henri_Braconnot comment "Henri Braconnot (May 29, 1780, Commercy, Meuse - January 15, 1855, Nancy) was a French chemist and pharmacist.He was born in Commercy, his father being a counsel at the local parliament. At the death of his father, in 1787, Henri began his instruction in an elementary school in Commercy and then with private teachers.At 13, he was placed as apprentice in a pharmacy in Nancy where he learned and practiced pharmacy, chemistry, and botany.".