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- Expander_cycle abstract "The expander cycle is a power cycle of a bipropellant rocket engine. In this cycle, the fuel is used to cool the engine's combustion chamber, picking up heat and changing phase. The heated, now gaseous, fuel then powers the engine's pumps and turbine before being injected into the combustion chamber and burned.Because of the necessary phase change, the expander cycle is thrust limited by the square-cube rule. As the size of a bell-shaped nozzle increases with increasing thrust, the nozzle surface area (from which heat can be extracted to expand the fuel) increases as the square of the radius. However, the volume of fuel that must be heated increases as the cube of the radius. Thus there exists a maximum engine size of approximately 300 kN of thrust beyond which there is no longer enough nozzle area to heat enough fuel to drive the turbines and hence the fuel pumps. Higher thrust levels can be achieved using a bypass expander cycle where a portion of the fuel bypasses the turbine and or thrust chamber cooling passages and goes directly to the main chamber injector. Non-toroidal aerospike engines do not suffer from the same limitations because the linear shape of the engine is not subject to the square-cube law. As the width of the engine increases, both the volume of fuel to be heated and the available thermal energy increase linearly, allowing arbitrarily wide engines to be constructed. All expander cycle engines need to use a cryogenic fuel such as hydrogen, methane, or propane that easily reach their boiling points.Some expander cycle engines may use a gas generator of some kind to start the turbine and run the engine until the heat input from the thrust chamber and nozzle skirt increases as the chamber pressure builds up.In an open cycle, or \"bleed\" expander cycle, only some of the fuel is heated to drive the turbines, which is then vented to atmosphere to increase turbine efficiency. While this increases power output, the dumped fuel leads to a decrease in propellant efficiency (lower engine specific impulse). A closed cycle expander engine sends the turbine exhaust to the combustion chamber (see image at right.)Some examples of an expander cycle engine are the Pratt & Whitney RL10 and RL60 and the Vinci engine for the future Ariane 5 ME.".
- Expander_cycle thumbnail Expander_rocket_cycle.png?width=300.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageExternalLink 03_sidebar3.html.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageID "314978".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageLength "8036".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageOutDegree "48".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageRevisionID "694834100".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Aerospike_engine.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Ariane_5.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Back_pressure.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Boiling_point.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Category:Engineering_thermodynamics.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Category:Rocket_engines.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Category:Rocket_propulsion.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Category:Spacecraft_propulsion.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Cryogenic_fuel.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Engine.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Gas-generator_cycle.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Gas_generator.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink H-II.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink H-IIA.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink H-IIB.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink LE-5.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Liquid-propellant_rocket.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Newton_(unit).
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Pratt_&_Whitney.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Pressure-fed_engine.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink RD-0146.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink RL10.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink RL60.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Specific_impulse.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Square-cube_law.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Staged_combustion_cycle.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink Vinci_(rocket_engine).
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink YF-75D.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink File:Expander_bleed_cycle_(coolant_tap-off).svg.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLink File:Expander_rocket_cycle.png.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLinkText "Expander bleed cycle".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLinkText "Expander cycle".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLinkText "Expander cycle#Expander Bleed Cycle".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLinkText "Expander".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLinkText "expander bleed cycle".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLinkText "expander cycle".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageWikiLinkText "expander".
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Citation_needed.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:FRA.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:JPN.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:PRC.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:RUS.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Spacecraft_propulsion.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Thermodynamic_cycles.
- Expander_cycle wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:USA.
- Expander_cycle subject Category:Engineering_thermodynamics.
- Expander_cycle subject Category:Rocket_engines.
- Expander_cycle subject Category:Rocket_propulsion.
- Expander_cycle subject Category:Spacecraft_propulsion.
- Expander_cycle hypernym Cycle.
- Expander_cycle type Work.
- Expander_cycle type Astrodynamic.
- Expander_cycle type Technology.
- Expander_cycle type Thermodynamic.
- Expander_cycle comment "The expander cycle is a power cycle of a bipropellant rocket engine. In this cycle, the fuel is used to cool the engine's combustion chamber, picking up heat and changing phase. The heated, now gaseous, fuel then powers the engine's pumps and turbine before being injected into the combustion chamber and burned.Because of the necessary phase change, the expander cycle is thrust limited by the square-cube rule.".
- Expander_cycle label "Expander cycle".
- Expander_cycle sameAs Q2494783.
- Expander_cycle sameAs Ciclo_expansor_(cohete).
- Expander_cycle sameAs エキスパンダーサイクル.
- Expander_cycle sameAs 팽창식_사이클.
- Expander_cycle sameAs m.01tqny.
- Expander_cycle sameAs ЖРД_с_циклом_фазового_перехода.
- Expander_cycle sameAs Q2494783.
- Expander_cycle sameAs 膨胀循环.
- Expander_cycle wasDerivedFrom Expander_cycle?oldid=694834100.
- Expander_cycle depiction Expander_rocket_cycle.png.
- Expander_cycle isPrimaryTopicOf Expander_cycle.