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• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit abstract "An Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) (often lowercased where used without abbreviation, as \"evolutionarily significant unit\") is a population of organisms that is considered distinct for purposes of conservation. Delineating ESUs is important when considering conservation action. This term can apply to any species, subspecies, geographic race, or population. Often the term \"species\" is used rather than ESU, even when an ESU is more technically considered a subspecies or variety rather than a biological species proper. In marine animals the term \"stock\" is often used as well.Definitions of an ESU generally include at least one of the following criteria: Current geographic separation, Genetic differentiation at neutral markers (see below) among related ESUs caused by past restriction of gene flow, or Locally adapted phenotypic traits caused by differences in selection.Criterion 2 considers the gene flow between populations, measured by FST. A high degree of differentiation at neutral markers (differences in allele frequencies) implies a lack of gene flow, showing that random drift has occurred in isolation from other populations. Very few migrants per generation are needed to prevent strong differentiation of neutral markers. Even a single migrant per generation may be enough for neutral markers to show gene flow between populations, making it difficult to differentiate the populations through neutral markers.Criterion 3 does not consider neutral genetic markers, instead looking at locally adapted traits of the population. Local adaptations may be present even with some gene flow from other populations, and even when there is little differentiation at neutral markers among ESUs. Reciprocal transplantation experiments are necessary to test for genetic differentiation for phenotypic traits, and differences in selection gradients across habitats. Such experiments are generally more difficult than the fixation index tests of criterion 2, and may be impossible for very rare or endangered species.For example, Cryan's buckmoth (Hemileuca maia subsp.) feeds only on the herb Menyanthes trifoliata, commonly known as buckbean, and while indistinguishable morphologically from related buckmoths, and not differentiated at the genetic markers tested, the moth is highly adapted to its host plant, having 100% survivorship on Menyanthes, while close genetic relatives all died when reared on the plant. In this case gene flow was sufficient to reduce differentiation at neutral markers, but did not prevent local host adaptation.Both criteria 2 and 3 have the problem that there is no clear dichotomy between ESU and not-ESU, as genetic differentiation between populations forms a continuum, prompting a contention for consideration of both genetic and ecological processes in identifying ESUs. Because the different approaches to designating ESUs each have their benefits, and the need and form of management prescriptions may vary across contexts, some support an \"adaptive\" approach to identification of ESUs, for instance suggesting consideration of facets from numerous designation methods.".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageID "2784497".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageLength "6289".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageOutDegree "23".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageRevisionID "705535093".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Allele.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Buck_Moth.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Category:Conservation.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Category:Environmental_law_in_the_United_States.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Committee_on_the_Status_of_Endangered_Wildlife_in_Canada.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Conservation_(ethic).
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Distinct_population_segment.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Endangered_Species_Act.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Endangered_species.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink FSTAT_(software).
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Fixation_index.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Genetic_drift.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Marine_biology.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Menyanthes.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Natural_selection.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Organism.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Phenotype.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Population.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Population_bottleneck.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Race_(biology).
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Species.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLink Subspecies.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLinkText "Evolutionarily Significant Unit".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageWikiLinkText "evolutionarily significant unit (ESU)".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit subject Category:Conservation.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit subject Category:Environmental_law_in_the_United_States.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit hypernym Population.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit type EthnicGroup.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit type Redirect.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit comment "An Evolutionarily Significant Unit (ESU) (often lowercased where used without abbreviation, as \"evolutionarily significant unit\") is a population of organisms that is considered distinct for purposes of conservation. Delineating ESUs is important when considering conservation action. This term can apply to any species, subspecies, geographic race, or population.".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit label "Evolutionarily Significant Unit".
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit sameAs Q5418668.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit sameAs Unidad_Evolutivamente_Significativa.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit sameAs m.082jt9.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit sameAs Q5418668.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit wasDerivedFrom Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit?oldid=705535093.
• Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit isPrimaryTopicOf Evolutionarily_Significant_Unit.