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- Edward_II_of_England abstract "Edward II (25 April 1284 – 21 September 1327), also called Edward of Caernarfon, was King of England from 1307 until he was deposed in January 1327. The fourth son of Edward I, Edward became the heir to the throne following the death of his older brother Alphonso. Beginning in 1300, Edward accompanied his father on campaigns to pacify Scotland, and in 1306 he was knighted in a grand ceremony at Westminster Abbey. Edward succeeded to the throne in 1307, following his father's death. In 1308, he married Isabella of France, the daughter of the powerful King Philip IV, as part of a long-running effort to resolve the tensions between the English and French crowns.Edward had a close and controversial relationship with Piers Gaveston, who had joined his household in 1300. The precise nature of Edward and Gaveston's relationship is uncertain; they may have been friends, lovers or sworn brothers. Gaveston's arrogance and power as Edward's favourite provoked discontent both among the barons and the French royal family, and Edward was forced to exile him. On Gaveston's return, the barons pressured the King into agreeing to wide-ranging reforms called the Ordinances of 1311. The newly empowered barons banished Gaveston, to which Edward responded by revoking the reforms and recalling his favourite. Led by Edward's cousin, the Earl of Lancaster, a group of the barons seized and executed Gaveston in 1312, beginning several years of armed confrontation. English forces were pushed back in Scotland, where Edward was decisively defeated by Robert the Bruce at the Battle of Bannockburn in 1314. Widespread famine followed, and criticism of the King's reign mounted.The Despenser family, in particular Hugh Despenser the Younger, became close friends and advisers to Edward, but in 1321 Lancaster and many of the barons seized the Despensers' lands and forced the King to exile them. In response, Edward led a short military campaign, capturing and executing Lancaster. Edward and the Despensers strengthened their grip on power, revoking the 1311 reforms, executing their enemies and confiscating estates. Unable to make progress in Scotland, Edward finally signed a truce with Robert. Opposition to the regime grew, and when Isabella was sent to France to negotiate a peace treaty in 1325, she turned against Edward and refused to return. Isabella allied herself with the exiled Roger Mortimer, and invaded England with a small army in 1326. Edward's regime collapsed and he fled into Wales, where he was captured in November. Edward was forced to relinquish his crown in January 1327 in favour of his fourteen-year-old son, Edward III, and he died in Berkeley Castle on 21 September, probably murdered on the orders of the new regime.Edward's relationship with Gaveston inspired Christopher Marlowe's 1592 play Edward II, along with other plays, films, novels and media. Many of these have focused on the possible sexual relationship between the two men. Edward's contemporaries criticised his performance as a king, noting his failures in Scotland and the oppressive regime of his later years, although 19th-century academics have argued that the growth of parliamentary institutions during his reign was a positive development for England over the longer term. Debate has continued into the 21st century as to whether Edward was a lazy and incompetent king, or simply a reluctant and ultimately unsuccessful ruler.".
- Edward_II_of_England activeYearsEndYear "1307".
- Edward_II_of_England activeYearsStartYear "1307".
- Edward_II_of_England birthDate "1284-04-25".
- Edward_II_of_England birthPlace Caernarfon_Castle.
- Edward_II_of_England birthPlace Gwynedd.
- Edward_II_of_England deathDate "1327-09-21".
- Edward_II_of_England deathPlace Berkeley_Castle.
- Edward_II_of_England deathPlace Gloucestershire.
- Edward_II_of_England parent Edward_I_of_England.
- Edward_II_of_England parent Eleanor_of_Castile.
- Edward_II_of_England predecessor Edward_I_of_England.
- Edward_II_of_England restingPlace Gloucester_Cathedral.
- Edward_II_of_England restingPlace Gloucestershire.
- Edward_II_of_England spouse Isabella_of_France.
- Edward_II_of_England successor Edward_III_of_England.
- Edward_II_of_England thumbnail Edward_II_-_detail_of_tomb.jpg?width=300.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageExternalLink index.php?page=edward-ii-tomb.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageID "44848".
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageLength "142527".
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageOutDegree "456".
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageRevisionID "708393756".
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Adam_FitzRoy.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Adam_Orleton.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Agenais.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alabaster.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alfonso_IX_of_León.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alison_Weir.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Allod.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alms.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Alphonso,_Earl_of_Chester.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Altar.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Andrew_Harclay,_1st_Earl_of_Carlisle.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-French_War_(1294–1303).
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Norman_language.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anglo-Saxons.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Antwerp.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Anus.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Archbishop_of_Canterbury.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Archery.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Aymer_de_Valence,_2nd_Earl_of_Pembroke.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Banastre_Rebellion.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bannock_Burn.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Baron.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bartholomew_de_Badlesmere,_1st_Baron_Badlesmere.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bastide.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Bannockburn.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Boroughbridge.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Faughart.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Beatrice_of_Savoy.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Ben_Jonson.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Berengaria_of_Castile.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Berkeley_Castle.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Berwick-upon-Tweed.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bishop_of_Hereford.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bishop_of_Winchester.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Blood_brother.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bordeaux.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Boulogne-sur-Mer.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Braveheart.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Brechin_Castle.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Bristol.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Burgess_(title).
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Burgh_by_Sands.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Burton_upon_Trent.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Caerlaverock_Castle.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Caernarfon_Castle.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Caerphilly_Castle.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Camel.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Canonization.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Cardiff.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Carlisle,_Cumbria.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Carmelites.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Casus_belli.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1284_births.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1327_crimes.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:1327_deaths.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:13th-century_English_people.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:14th-century_English_people.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:14th-century_monarchs_in_Europe.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:14th-century_peers_of_France.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Burials_at_Gloucester_Cathedral.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Earls_in_the_Peerage_of_England.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Edward_II_of_England.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_murder_victims.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_people_of_French_descent.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_people_of_Spanish_descent.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:English_people_of_the_Wars_of_Scottish_Independence.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:LGBT_Roman_Catholics.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:LGBT_heads_of_government.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:LGBT_people_from_England.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:LGBT_royalty.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Medieval_LGBT_people.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Murdered_monarchs.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Caernarfon.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_knighted_at_the_Feast_of_the_Swans.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_murdered_in_England.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Princes_of_Wales.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Category:Roman_Catholic_monarchs.
- Edward_II_of_England wikiPageWikiLink Chamberlain_(office).