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- Cell_death abstract "Cell death is the event of a biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions. This may be the result of the natural process of old cells dying and being replaced by new ones, or may result from such factors as disease, localized injury, or the death of the organism of which the cells are part. Kinds of cell death include:Programmed cell death (or PCD) is cell death mediated by an intracellular program. PCD is carried out in a regulated process, which usually confers advantage during an organism's life-cycle. For example, the differentiation of fingers and toes in a developing human embryo occurs because cells between the fingers apoptose; the result is that the digits are separate. PCD serves fundamental functions during both plant and metazoa (multicellular animals) tissue development.Apoptosis or Type I cell-death, and Autophagy or Type II cell-death are both forms of programmed cell death, while necrosis is a non-physiological process that occurs as a result of infection or injury. Necrosis is cell death caused by external factors such as trauma or infection, and occurs in several different forms. Recently a form of programmed necrosis, called necroptosis, has been recognized as an alternate form of programmed cell death. It is hypothesized that necroptosis can serve as a cell-death backup to apoptosis when the apoptosis signaling is blocked by endogenous or exogenous factors such as viruses or mutations.Autophagy is cytoplasmic, characterized by the formation of large vacuoles that eat away organelles in a specific sequence prior to the destruction of the nucleus.Apoptosis is the process of programmed cell death (PCD) that may occur in multicellular organisms. Biochemical events lead to characteristic cell changes (morphology) and death. These changes include blebbing, cell shrinkage, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and chromosomal DNA fragmentation. It is now thought that – in a developmental context – cells are induced to positively commit suicide whilst in a homeostatic context; the absence of certain survival factors may provide the impetus for suicide. There appears to be some variation in the morphology and indeed the biochemistry of these suicide pathways; some treading the path of \"apoptosis\", others following a more generalized pathway to deletion, but both usually being genetically and synthetically motivated. There is some evidence that certain symptoms of \"apoptosis\" such as endonuclease activation can be spuriously induced without engaging a genetic cascade, however, presumably true apoptosis and programmed cell death must be genetically mediated. It is also becoming clear that mitosis and apoptosis are toggled or linked in some way and that the balance achieved depends on signals received from appropriate growth or survival factors.Macroautophagy, often referred to as autophagy, is a catabolic process that results in the autophagosomic-lysosomal degradation of bulk cytoplasmic contents, abnormal protein aggregates, and excess or damaged organelles. Autophagy is generally activated by conditions of nutrient deprivation but has also been associated with physiological as well as pathological processes such as development, differentiation, neurodegenerative diseases, Stress (physiology), Infection and cancer.Other pathways of programmed cell death have been discovered.Called \"non-apoptotic programmed cell-death\" (or \"caspase-independent programmed cell-death\" or \"necroptosis\"), these alternative routes to death are as efficient as apoptosis and can function as either backup mechanisms or the main type of PCD.Other forms of programmed cell death include anoikis, almost identical to apoptosis except in its induction; cornification, a form of cell death exclusive to the eyes; excitotoxicity; ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death and Wallerian degeneration.Plant cells undergo particular processes of PCD similar to autophagic cell death. However, some common features of PCD are highly conserved in both plants and metazoa.Activation-induced cell death (AICD) is a programmed cell death caused by the interaction of Fas receptor (Fas, CD95)and Fas ligand (FasL, CD95 ligand). It occurs as a result of repeated stimulation of specific T-cell receptors (TCR) and it helps to maintain the periphery immune tolerance. Therefore, an alteration of the process may lead to autoimmune diseases. In the other words AICD is the negative regulator of activated T-lymphocytes.Ischemic cell death, or Oncosis, is a form of accidental, or passive cell death that is often considered a lethal injury. The process is characterized by mitochondrial swelling, cytoplasm vacuolization, and swelling of the nucleus and cytoplasm.Immunogenic cell death or immunogenic apoptosis is a form of cell death caused by some cytostatic agents such as anthracyclines, oxaliplatin and bortezomib, or radiotherapy and photodynamic therapy (PDT).".
- Cell_death thumbnail Signal_transduction_pathways.svg?width=300.
- Cell_death wikiPageID "1067082".
- Cell_death wikiPageLength "9350".
- Cell_death wikiPageOutDegree "62".
- Cell_death wikiPageRevisionID "690717265".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Activation-induced_cell_death_(AICD).
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Animal.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Anoikis.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Anthracycline.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Apoptosis.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Autophagosome.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Autophagy.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Biochemistry.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Biological_life_cycle.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Biological_process.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Bleb_(cell_biology).
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Cancer.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Caspase.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Catabolism.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cellular_processes.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Category:Medical_aspects_of_death.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Cell_(biology).
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Cell_nucleus.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Chromosome.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Cytoplasm.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink DNA.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Disease.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Excitotoxicity.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Immunogenic_cell_death.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Infection.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Injury.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Ischemic_cell_death.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Keratin.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Lysosome.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Mitochondrion.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Morphology_(biology).
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Multicellular_organism.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Necroptosis.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Necrosis.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Neurodegeneration.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Nutrient.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Organelle.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Pathology.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Photodynamic_therapy.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Physiology.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Programmed_cell_death.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Programmed_cell_death_protein_1.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Prophase.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Radiation_therapy.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Stress_(biology).
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Swelling_(medical).
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Vacuole.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Vacuolization.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink Wallerian_degeneration.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLink File:Signal_transduction_pathways.svg.
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "Cell death".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "cell death mechanisms".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "cell death".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "cell killing".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "cell's death".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "cell-death pathway".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "cellular death".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "death".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "die".
- Cell_death wikiPageWikiLinkText "programmed death".
- Cell_death wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Death.
- Cell_death wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:For.
- Cell_death wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Pathology.
- Cell_death wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Portal.
- Cell_death wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Cell_death subject Category:Cellular_processes.
- Cell_death subject Category:Medical_aspects_of_death.
- Cell_death hypernym Event.
- Cell_death type Disease.
- Cell_death type SportsEvent.
- Cell_death comment "Cell death is the event of a biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions. This may be the result of the natural process of old cells dying and being replaced by new ones, or may result from such factors as disease, localized injury, or the death of the organism of which the cells are part. Kinds of cell death include:Programmed cell death (or PCD) is cell death mediated by an intracellular program.".
- Cell_death label "Cell death".
- Cell_death sameAs Q2383867.
- Cell_death sameAs Ćelijska_smrt.
- Cell_death sameAs Buněčná_smrt.
- Cell_death sameAs Muerte_celular.
- Cell_death sameAs Mort_cellulaire.
- Cell_death sameAs m.011q58w6.
- Cell_death sameAs සෛල_මියයාම.
- Cell_death sameAs Q2383867.
- Cell_death wasDerivedFrom Cell_death?oldid=690717265.
- Cell_death depiction Signal_transduction_pathways.svg.
- Cell_death isPrimaryTopicOf Cell_death.