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• Ribosomal_frameshift abstract "A "ribosomal frameshift" allows alternative translation of an mRNA sequence by changing the open reading frame. This technique is commonly found in viruses, as it allows the virus to encode multiple types of proteins from the same mRNA. Frameshifting allows viruses to create many protein structures from a relatively small genome. While the ribosome is translating mRNA it may shift forward or backward, depending on the virus. Because three consecutive mRNA nucleotides make a codon that's translated into one amino acid, the frameshift makes every subsequent amino acid different because it translates a different set of codons in the new reading frame, resulting in a different protein product. There are two kinds of frameshifting: pseudoknot structure and slippery sequence (usually UUUAAAC). A pseudoknot is an RNA secondary structure generated by intermolecular interactions of mRNA that cause it to bend and fold. The ribosome bumps into the knotted mRNA while it is translating the mRNA and shifts back (-1) one nucleotide and continues translating in a new reading frame. This frameshift occurs about 10% of the time, allowing differential protein expression. This form of frameshifting is used by HIV-1, among others. A slippery sequence is a sequence of codons for rare tRNA, meaning that the ribosome has to pause in order to wait for the correct tRNA to bring the appropriate amino acid. However, this long pause is often accompanied by the ribosome advancing forward one nucleotide (+1). This form of frameshifting is utilized by influenza A, among others.Other viruses that use ribosomal frameshifting for alternative protein expression include the barley yellow dwarf virus, potato leafroll virus, simian retrovirus-1, and coronaviruses.".
• Ribosomal_frameshift thumbnail RF_site1_secondary_structure.jpg?width=300.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageExternalLink recode.ucc.ie.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageExternalLink rfam.sanger.ac.uk.
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• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageID "14547183".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageLength "6961".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageOutDegree "19".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageRevisionID "679035144".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Barley_yellow_dwarf.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Barley_yellow_dwarf_virus.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cis-regulatory_RNA_elements.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Category:Gene_expression.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Category:RNA.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Codon.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Coronavirus.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Coronavirus_frameshifting_stimulation_element.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Genetic_code.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink HIV_Ribosomal_frameshift_signal.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink HIV_ribosomal_frameshift_signal.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink MRNA.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Messenger_RNA.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Nucleic_acid_secondary_structure.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Open_reading_frame.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Potato_leafroll_virus.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Pseudoknot.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink RNA_secondary_structure.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Ribosomal_pause.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Simian_retrovirus.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Slippery_sequence.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Translation_(biology).
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLink Translational_frameshift.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLinkText "Ribosomal frameshift".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLinkText "frameshift".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLinkText "ribosomal frameshift".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageWikiLinkText "ribosomal frameshifting".
• Ribosomal_frameshift hasPhotoCollection Ribosomal_frameshift.
• Ribosomal_frameshift name "hide the gallery".
• Ribosomal_frameshift state "autocollapse".
• Ribosomal_frameshift title "Gallery of secondary structure images".
• Ribosomal_frameshift titlestyle "background:#e7dcc3".
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Navbox.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
• Ribosomal_frameshift subject Category:Cis-regulatory_RNA_elements.
• Ribosomal_frameshift subject Category:Gene_expression.
• Ribosomal_frameshift subject Category:RNA.
• Ribosomal_frameshift type Element.
• Ribosomal_frameshift type Process.
• Ribosomal_frameshift comment "A "ribosomal frameshift" allows alternative translation of an mRNA sequence by changing the open reading frame. This technique is commonly found in viruses, as it allows the virus to encode multiple types of proteins from the same mRNA. Frameshifting allows viruses to create many protein structures from a relatively small genome. While the ribosome is translating mRNA it may shift forward or backward, depending on the virus.".
• Ribosomal_frameshift label "Ribosomal frameshift".
• Ribosomal_frameshift sameAs m.04jpmy1.
• Ribosomal_frameshift sameAs Q7322407.
• Ribosomal_frameshift sameAs Q7322407.
• Ribosomal_frameshift wasDerivedFrom Ribosomal_frameshift?oldid=679035144.
• Ribosomal_frameshift depiction RF_site1_secondary_structure.jpg.
• Ribosomal_frameshift isPrimaryTopicOf Ribosomal_frameshift.