Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Plant_nutrition> ?p ?o }
- Plant_nutrition abstract "Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds that are necessary for plant growth, and also of their external supply and internal metabolism. In 1972, E. Epstein defined two criteria for an element to be essential for plant growth: in its absence the plant is unable to complete a normal life cycle; or that the element is part of some essential plant constituent or metabolite.This is in accordance with Liebig's law of the minimum. There are 14 essential plant nutrients. Carbon and oxygen are absorbed from the air, while other nutrients including water are typically obtained from the soil (exceptions include some parasitic or carnivorous plants).Plants must obtain the following mineral nutrients from the growing media: the primary macronutrients: nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) the three secondary macronutrients: calcium (Ca), sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg) the micronutrients/trace minerals: boron (B), chlorine (Cl), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni)The macronutrients are consumed in larger quantities and are present in plant tissue in quantities from 0.2% to 4.0% (on a dry matter weight basis). Micro nutrients are present in plant tissue in quantities measured in parts per million, ranging from 5 to 200 ppm, or less than 0.02% dry weight.Most soil conditions across the world can provide plants with adequate nutrition and do not require fertilizer for a complete life cycle. However, humans can artificially modify soil through the addition of fertilizer to promote vigorous growth and increase yield. The plants are able to obtain their required nutrients from the fertilizer added to the soil. A colloidal carbonaceous residue, known as humus, can serve as a nutrient reservoir. Even with adequate water and sunshine, nutrient deficiency can limit growth.Nutrient uptake from the soil is achieved by cation exchange, where root hairs pump hydrogen ions (H+) into the soil through proton pumps. These hydrogen ions displace cations attached to negatively charged soil particles so that the cations are available for uptake by the root.Plant nutrition is a difficult subject to understand completely, partly because of the variation between different plants and even between different species or individuals of a given clone. An element present at a low level may cause deficiency symptoms, while the same element at a higher level may cause toxicity. Further, deficiency of one element may present as symptoms of toxicity from another element. An abundance of one nutrient may cause a deficiency of another nutrient. For example, lower availability of a given nutrient such as SO42− can affect the uptake of another nutrient, such as NO3−. As another example, K+ uptake can be influenced by the amount of NH4+ available.The root, especially the root hair, is the most essential organ for the uptake of nutrients. The structure and architecture of the root can alter the rate of nutrient uptake. Nutrient ions are transported to the center of the root, the stele in order for the nutrients to reach the conducting tissues, xylem and phloem. The Casparian strip, a cell wall outside the stele but within the root, prevents passive flow of water and nutrients, helping to regulate the uptake of nutrients and water. Xylem moves water and inorganic molecules within the plant and phloem accounts for organic molecule transportation. Water potential plays a key role in a plants nutrient uptake. If the water potential is more negative within the plant than the surrounding soils, the nutrients will move from the region of higher solute concentration—in the soil—to the area of lower solute concentration: in the plant.There are three fundamental ways plants uptake nutrients through the root: simple diffusion, occurs when a nonpolar molecule, such as O2, CO2, and NH3 follows a concentration gradient, moving passively through the cell lipid bilayer membrane without the use of transport proteins. facilitated diffusion, is the rapid movement of solutes or ions following a concentration gradient, facilitated by transport proteins. Active transport, is the uptake by cells of ions or molecules against a concentration gradient; this requires an energy source, usually ATP, to power molecular pumps that move the ions or molecules through the membrane. Nutrients are moved inside a plant to where they are most needed. For example, a plant will try to supply more nutrients to its younger leaves than to its older ones. When nutrients are mobile, symptoms of any deficiency become apparent first on the older leaves. However, not all nutrients are equally mobile. Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are mobile nutrients, while the others have varying degrees of mobility. When a less mobile nutrient is deficient, the younger leaves suffer because the nutrient does not move up to them but stays in the older leaves. This phenomenon is helpful in determining which nutrients a plant may be lacking.Many plants engage in symbiosis with microorganisms. Two important types of these relationship are with bacteria such as rhizobia, that carry out biological nitrogen fixation, in which atmospheric nitrogen (N2) is converted into ammonium (NH4); and with mycorrhizal fungi, which through their association with the plant roots help to create a larger effective root surface area. Both of these mutualistic relationships enhance nutrient uptake. Though nitrogen is plentiful in the Earth's atmosphere, relatively few plants harbor nitrogen fixing bacteria, so most plants rely on nitrogen compounds present in the soil to support their growth. These can be supplied by mineralization of soil organic matter or added plant residues, nitrogen fixing bacteria, animal waste, or through the application of fertilizers.Hydroponics, is a method for growing plants in a water-nutrient solution without the use of nutrient-rich soil. It allows researchers and home gardeners to grow their plants in a controlled environment. The most common solution, is the Hoagland solution, developed by D. R. Hoagland in 1933, the solution consists of all the essential nutrients in the correct proportions necessary for most plant growth. An aerator is used to prevent an anoxic event or hypoxia. Hypoxia can affect nutrient uptake of a plant because without oxygen present, respiration becomes inhibited within the root cells. The Nutrient film technique is a variation of hydroponic technique. The roots are not fully submerged, which allows for adequate aeration of the roots, while a "film" thin layer of nutrient rich water is pumped through the system to provide nutrients and water to the plant.".
- Plant_nutrition thumbnail Fertigation_(fertilizer_and_irrigation).jpg?width=300.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageExternalLink v=onepage&q=plant%20nutrient&f=false.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageExternalLink www.fertilizer.org.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageExternalLink 01904167.asp.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageID "435335".
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageLength "42184".
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageOutDegree "181".
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageRevisionID "683673703".
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Active_transport.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Adenosine_triphosphate.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Aluminium.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Amino_acid.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Ammonia.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Ammonium.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Anoxic_waters.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Anthocyanin.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Asparagine.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Auxin.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Bacteria.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Biological_nitrogen_fixation.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Biomass.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Biomolecule.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Biosynthesis.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Boron.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Boron_deficiency_(plant_disorder).
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink C4_carbon_fixation.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Calcium.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Calcium_deficiency_(plant_disorder).
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Carbohydrate.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Carbon.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Carbon_dioxide.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Carbon_fixation.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Carnivorous_plant.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Casparian_strip.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Biology_and_pharmacology_of_chemical_elements.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Botany.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Category:Edaphology.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cation_exchange.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cations.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cell_division.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cell_signaling.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cell_wall.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cellular_respiration.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cellulose.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_compound.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Chemical_element.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Chlorine.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Chlorophyll.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Chloroplast.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Chloroplasts.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Chlorosis.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cloning.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Cobalt.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Copper.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Crassulacean_acid_metabolism.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Crop_yield.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink DNA.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Drought.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Enzyme.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Equisetum.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Facilitated_diffusion.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Fertilizer.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Flower.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Foliage.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Frost.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Fungus.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Glutamine.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Hoagland_solution.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Horticulture.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Humus.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Hydrogen.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Hydroponics.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Hypoxia_(environmental).
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Ion.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Ion_exchange.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Ionic_balance.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Ions.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Iron.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Iron_deficiency_(plant_disorder).
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Leaf.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Legume.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Liebigs_law_of_the_minimum.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Lower_plants.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Magnesium.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Magnesium_deficiency_(plants).
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Manganese.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Manganese_deficiency_(plant).
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Meristem.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Metabolism.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Microorganism.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Mineralization_(soil_science).
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Molecular_diffusion.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Molybdenum.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Mycorrhiza.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Mycorrhizal_fungi.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Necrosis.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Nickel.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Nitrate.
- Plant_nutrition wikiPageWikiLink Nitrogen.