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- National_Afro-American_Council abstract "The National Afro-American Council, the first nationwide civil rights organization in the United States, was created in 1898 in Rochester, New York. Before its dissolution a decade later, the Council provided both the first national arena for discussion of critical issues for African Americans and a training ground for some of the nation’s most famous civil rights leaders in the 1910s, 1920s, and beyond.Led by A.M.E. Zion Bishop Alexander Walters, who was president for most of the Council’s existence, the Council attracted a wide range of African-American journalists, lawyers, educators, politicians, and community activists to its annual meetings. The Council was the brainchild of New York journalist Timothy Thomas Fortune, whose earlier attempt—the National Afro-American League—had failed to generate momentum, and disappeared in the early 1890s.The Council was formed against a backdrop of violent lynchings and of increasing disfranchisement of African-American voters in the South. Alarmed by the lynchings and racial discrimination against African Americans, Bishop Walters circulated a national letter of appeal in the spring of 1898, just weeks after the brutal murder of African-American postmaster Frazier B. Baker in Lake City, South Carolina by an armed mob of whites. “It becomes absolutely necessary that we organize to protect ourselves,” Walters wrote, and more than 150 leaders from across the country signed the letter, which was published in Fortune’s New York Age. Some of them attended the organizational meeting in September 1898 in Rochester, following the dedication of a statue to the late abolitionist leader, Frederick Douglass.The meeting endorsed creation of a non-partisan Council, to be supported by annual dues payments and based on the ideals expressed by the earlier League. Bishop Walters was elected as president, after Fortune declined to serve; other officers included journalist Ida B. Wells-Barnett of Chicago, secretary, and federal customs official John C. Dancy of North Carolina, first vice president. The annual meetings began three months later in Washington, D.C., and were held each year thereafter in a large American city, attracting a vibrant cross-section of African-American leaders. Although the overwhelming majority of its members were Republicans, the Council also boasted an active minority of black Democrats, in an unusual arrangement facilitated by the group’s constitution, which mandated the nonpartisan nature of its proceedings and activities. It was among the first national organizations to welcome women members and treat them equally with men; many of the national officers were women, and at least one woman from every state served on the national executive committee.The Council lobbied actively for the passage of a federal anti-lynching law and raised funds to finance a court test against the new Louisiana constitution’s provision effectively disfranchising most of that state’s black voters, under the terms of its so-called “grandfather clause.” Men judged to be illiterate were deprived of suffrage rights, but white voters with ancestors who had been registered to vote before a certain date were exempted form the literacy requirement. African Americans were unable to qualify for the exemption. The court test, known as Ryanes v. Gleason, was expected to be taken all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court, but was eventually dropped, after an unfavorable ruling in the Louisiana Supreme Court.The Council was designed as an umbrella group, with membership based on organizational affiliation—either in a local or state branch of the Council or through an affiliated organization, school, or newspaper. Officers were elected annually at the meetings, and consisted of a president, nine vice presidents, several secretaries, a treasurer, and a national organizer, among others. In addition, a large national executive committee was composed of three members from each U.S. state or territory, including one female member from each.The Council was considered the nation’s premier organization of African Americans, and met regularly with U.S. President William McKinley until his death in 1901. Its meetings were given extensive coverage by local newspapers, both mainstream dailies and African-American weeklies, in each host city. The Council met in Chicago (1899), Indianapolis (1900), Philadelphia (1901), and Saint Paul, Minnesota (1902). In 1903, the Council convened in Louisville, Kentucky, followed by St. Louis (1904), Detroit (1905), and New York City (1906). Its final meeting was held in 1907 at Baltimore, Maryland.".
- National_Afro-American_Council extinctionYear "1907".
- National_Afro-American_Council formationYear "1898".
- National_Afro-American_Council purpose "African-American civil rights".
- National_Afro-American_Council type Nonprofit_organization.
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- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageRevisionID "659761060".
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1896–1954).
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink African_American.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Alexander_Walters.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Archibald_Grimké.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Archibald_H._Grimké.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Baltimore.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Baltimore,_Maryland.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Benjamin_W._Arnett.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Booker_T._Washington.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Category:African-American_organizations.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Category:Organizations_disestablished_in_1907.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Category:Organizations_established_in_1898.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Detroit.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Ernest_Lyon.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_Douglass.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Fredrick_L._McGhee.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Fredrick_McGhee.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink George_Henry_White.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink George_W._Murray.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Henry_O._Flipper.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Henry_Ossian_Flipper.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Ida_B._Wells.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Ida_B._Wells-Barnett.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Lake_City,_South_Carolina.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Liberia.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Louisville,_Kentucky.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Lynching.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Lynching_of_Julia_and_Frazier_Baker.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Mary_Church_Terrell.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink NAACP.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink National_Afro-American_League.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink National_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Colored_People.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink National_Urban_League.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Negro_Academy.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink New_York_City.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Niagara_Movement.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Non-profit_organization.
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- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink P._B._S._Pinchback.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Rochester,_New_York.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Saint_Paul,_Minnesota.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink St._Louis.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink Timothy_Thomas_Fortune.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink United_States.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Military_Academy.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink W._E._B._Du_Bois.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink William_H._Lewis.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink William_Henry_Steward.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink William_McKinley.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink William_Monroe_Trotter.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink William_S._Scarborough.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink William_Sanders_Scarborough.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLink William_Tecumseh_Vernon.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLinkText "Afro-American Council".
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageWikiLinkText "National Afro-American Council".
- National_Afro-American_Council extinction "1907".
- National_Afro-American_Council formation "1898".
- National_Afro-American_Council hasPhotoCollection National_Afro-American_Council.
- National_Afro-American_Council leaderName Alexander_Walters.
- National_Afro-American_Council leaderName Timothy_Thomas_Fortune.
- National_Afro-American_Council leaderName William_Henry_Steward.
- National_Afro-American_Council leaderTitle "Presidents".
- National_Afro-American_Council name "National Afro-American Council".
- National_Afro-American_Council purpose African-American_Civil_Rights_Movement_(1896–1954).
- National_Afro-American_Council type Non-profit_organization.
- National_Afro-American_Council type Nonprofit_organization.
- National_Afro-American_Council wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:African_American_topics_sidebar.
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- National_Afro-American_Council subject Category:African-American_organizations.
- National_Afro-American_Council subject Category:Organizations_disestablished_in_1907.
- National_Afro-American_Council subject Category:Organizations_established_in_1898.
- National_Afro-American_Council type Agent.
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- National_Afro-American_Council type Q43229.
- National_Afro-American_Council comment "The National Afro-American Council, the first nationwide civil rights organization in the United States, was created in 1898 in Rochester, New York. Before its dissolution a decade later, the Council provided both the first national arena for discussion of critical issues for African Americans and a training ground for some of the nation’s most famous civil rights leaders in the 1910s, 1920s, and beyond.Led by A.M.E.".
- National_Afro-American_Council label "National Afro-American Council".
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- National_Afro-American_Council sameAs Q6970204.
- National_Afro-American_Council sameAs Q6970204.
- National_Afro-American_Council wasDerivedFrom National_Afro-American_Council?oldid=659761060.
- National_Afro-American_Council isPrimaryTopicOf National_Afro-American_Council.