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- Mkhedrioni abstract "The Mkhedrioni was a paramilitary group and political organisation in the Republic of Georgia, outlawed since 1995 but subsequently reconstituted as the Union of Patriots political party.Founded in 1989 by Jaba Ioseliani, the Mkhedrioni presented itself as the heir to historic Georgian guerrilla groups who fought Persia and Ottoman occupiers. The group's name means "horsemen", translated literally, but in Georgian it has a meaning closer to "knights" (this alternative translation has occasionally been used). Each member of the organization would take an oath to defend Georgia's people, the Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church and Georgia's land, and wore a medallion with a scene of Saint George slaying the dragon on one side and the bearer's name and blood type on the other.The establishment of the Mkhedrioni took place as Georgia moved towards independence in the final years of the Soviet Union. Relations between Georgian nationalists and the country's national minorities, especially the Abkhaz and Ossetians, were difficult at best even during Soviet rule and grew more tense during the rise to power of the nationalist dissident Zviad Gamsakhurdia. The Mkhedrioni was one of a number of nationalist paramilitary groups established during this period as a counterbalance to similar paramilitary organisations set up by rival nationalists elsewhere in Georgia.The Mkhedrioni's members gained an unpleasant reputation as heavily armed thugs who engaged in violent intimidation of their rivals. They were highly visible, wearing what amounted to a uniform of jeans, sweaters and jackets, topped off by sunglasses (even worn indoors). Leaders wore Armani suits bulging with guns, according to one author. Mkhedrioni relied on illegal sources of income (targeting gasoline supplies) and exploited connections with Moscow's Georgian underworld. Mkhedrioni members were often accused of criminal activity, extorting "protection money" from businesses in areas which they effectively controlled, operating roadblocks where drivers would be "fined", smuggling drugs and committing robberies. By 1991, the Mkhedrioni was claimed to have had about 1,000 fighters and 10,000 associate members - considerably more than the official state National Guard.Despite Gamsakhurdia and Ioseliani sharing a broadly similar nationalist outlook, the two men fell out badly shortly after Gamsakhurdia came to power in November 1990. In February 1991, Ioseliani was imprisoned without trial, along with many of his supporters, and the Mkhedrioni was banned. In August 1991, just after the Soviet coup attempt, Gamsakhurdia sacked Tengiz Kitovani, the commander of Georgia's National Guard, and his Prime Minister Tengiz Sigua resigned around the same time. Kitovani soon formed an anti-Gamsakhurdia alliance with Sigua and the imprisoned Ioseliani. In December 1991, Kitovani's supporters released Ioseliani from jail and launched a violent coup d'etat against the Gamsakhurdia government in alliance with the Mkhedrioni. Intense gun battles took place in the streets of Tbilisi between the rebels and "Zviadists" holed up in the state parliament building during December 1991 - January 1992, which ended with Gamsakhurdia fleeing to the breakaway Russian republic of Chechnya. At least 100 people were killed in the fighting.".
- Mkhedrioni thumbnail KHNK.png?width=300.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageExternalLink publication_view.asp?iabspos=1&vjob=vdocid,11471.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageExternalLink publication_view.asp?iabspos=1&vjob=vdocid,11472.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageExternalLink publications_list.asp?vjob=vsub,36.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageID "429458".
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageLength "9607".
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageOutDegree "33".
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageRevisionID "619860418".
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Abkhazia.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Bagramyan_Battalion.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Category:Irregular_military.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_history_of_Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_units_and_formations_of_Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Category:Organized_crime_groups_in_Europe.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Category:Political_parties_in_Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Chechnya.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Confederation_of_Mountain_Peoples_of_the_Caucasus.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Coup_detat.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Coup_dxc3xa9tat.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Eduard_Shevardnadze.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Gamsakhurdias_government_in_exile.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Georgia_for_Georgians.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Georgian_Civil_War.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Georgian_Orthodox_Church.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Georgian_mafia.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Georgian_nationalism.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Guerrilla_warfare.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Intimidation.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Iran.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Jaba_Ioseliani.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Myocardial_infarction.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Ottoman_Empire.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Republic_of_Georgia.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Russia.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Saint_George.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink South_Ossetia.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Soviet_Union.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Tbilisi.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Tengiz_Kitovani.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Tengiz_Sigua.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink War_in_Abkhazia_(1992–93).
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLink Zviad_Gamsakhurdia.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLinkText "Mkhedrioni".
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageWikiLinkText "nationalist paramilitaries".
- Mkhedrioni active "1991".
- Mkhedrioni area Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni hasPhotoCollection Mkhedrioni.
- Mkhedrioni ideology Georgia_for_Georgians.
- Mkhedrioni ideology Georgian_nationalism.
- Mkhedrioni leaders "Jaba Ioseliani".
- Mkhedrioni name "Mkhedrioni".
- Mkhedrioni opponents Bagramyan_Battalion.
- Mkhedrioni opponents "Confederation of Mountain Peoples of the Caucasus".
- Mkhedrioni opponents "Gamsakhurdia's government in exile".
- Mkhedrioni war "Georgian Civil War and War in Abkhazia (1992–93)".
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_war_faction.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Ka_icon.
- Mkhedrioni wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Multiple_issues.
- Mkhedrioni subject Category:Irregular_military.
- Mkhedrioni subject Category:Military_history_of_Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni subject Category:Military_units_and_formations_of_Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni subject Category:Organized_crime_groups_in_Europe.
- Mkhedrioni subject Category:Political_parties_in_Georgia_(country).
- Mkhedrioni hypernym Group.
- Mkhedrioni type Article.
- Mkhedrioni type Band.
- Mkhedrioni type Group.
- Mkhedrioni type Rebellion.
- Mkhedrioni type Article.
- Mkhedrioni type Group.
- Mkhedrioni type Page.
- Mkhedrioni type Rebellion.
- Mkhedrioni type Unit.
- Mkhedrioni comment "The Mkhedrioni was a paramilitary group and political organisation in the Republic of Georgia, outlawed since 1995 but subsequently reconstituted as the Union of Patriots political party.Founded in 1989 by Jaba Ioseliani, the Mkhedrioni presented itself as the heir to historic Georgian guerrilla groups who fought Persia and Ottoman occupiers.".
- Mkhedrioni label "Mkhedrioni".
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Мхедриони.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Mchedrioni.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Sakartwelos_Mchedrioni.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Mjedrioni.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Mhedrioni.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs מחדריוני.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs მხედრიონი.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Mchedrioni.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs m.027hbj.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Мхедриони.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Q666374.
- Mkhedrioni sameAs Q666374.
- Mkhedrioni wasDerivedFrom Mkhedrioni?oldid=619860418.
- Mkhedrioni depiction KHNK.png.
- Mkhedrioni isPrimaryTopicOf Mkhedrioni.