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- Julius_Nyerere abstract "Julius Kambarage Nyerere (13 April 1922 – 14 October 1999) was a Tanzanian statesman who served as the leader of Tanzania, and previously Tanganyika, from 1960 until his retirement in 1985.Born in Tanganyika to Nyerere Burito (1860–1942), Chief of the Zanaki, Nyerere was known by the Swahili honorific Mwalimu or 'teacher', his profession prior to politics. He was also referred to as Baba wa Taifa (Father of the Nation). Nyerere received his higher education at Makerere University in Kampala and the University of Edinburgh. After he returned to Tanganyika, he worked as a teacher. In 1954, he helped form the Tanganyika African National Union.When Tanganyika was granted responsible government in 1960, Nyerere became Chief Minister. He led Tanganyika to independence a year later and became the new country's first Prime Minister. The country became a republic in 1962, with Nyerere as the country's first president. During the first years, Nyerere created a single-party system and used "preventive detention" to eliminate trade unions and opposition political forces. In 1964, Tanganyika united politically with Zanzibar and was renamed Tanzania, with Nyerere as president of the unified country. He was the sole candidate for president in the unified country's first election, in 1965, and was reelected unopposed every five years until his retirement in 1985.In 1967, influenced by the ideas of African socialism, Nyerere issued the Arusha Declaration, which outlined his vision of ujamaa (variously translated as "familyhood" or "socialism"; not to be confused with the Swahili word Umoja which means "unity"). Ujamaa was a concept that came to dominate Nyerere's policies. However, his policies led to economic decline, systematic corruption, and unavailability of goods. In the early 1970s, Nyerere ordered his security forces to forcibly transfer much of the population to collective farms and, because of opposition from villagers, often burned villages down. This campaign pushed the nation to the brink of starvation and made it dependent on foreign food aid.In 1985, after more than two decades in power, he relinquished power to his hand-picked successor, Ali Hassan Mwinyi. Nyerere left Tanzania as one of the poorest, least developed, and most foreign aid-dependent countries in the world, although much progress in services such as health and education had nevertheless been achieved. As such, Julius Nyerere is still a controversial figure in Tanzania. He remained the chairman of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi for another five years until 1990. He died of leukemia in London in 1999.".
- Julius_Nyerere almaMater Makerere_University.
- Julius_Nyerere almaMater University_of_Edinburgh.
- Julius_Nyerere birthDate "1922-04-13".
- Julius_Nyerere birthName "Kambarage Nyerere".
- Julius_Nyerere birthPlace Butiama.
- Julius_Nyerere birthPlace Tanganyika_(territory).
- Julius_Nyerere birthPlace Tanganyika_Territory.
- Julius_Nyerere birthYear "1922".
- Julius_Nyerere deathDate "1999-10-14".
- Julius_Nyerere deathPlace London.
- Julius_Nyerere deathPlace United_Kingdom.
- Julius_Nyerere deathYear "1999".
- Julius_Nyerere governor Richard_Turnbull_(colonial_governor).
- Julius_Nyerere monarch Elizabeth_II.
- Julius_Nyerere office "Chief Minister of Tanganyika".
- Julius_Nyerere office "President of Tanganyika".
- Julius_Nyerere office "President of Tanzania".
- Julius_Nyerere office "President of the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar".
- Julius_Nyerere office "Prime Minister of Tanganyika".
- Julius_Nyerere orderInOffice "1st".
- Julius_Nyerere party Chama_Cha_Mapinduzi.
- Julius_Nyerere party Tanganyika_African_National_Union.
- Julius_Nyerere primeMinister Rashidi_Kawawa.
- Julius_Nyerere profession Teacher.
- Julius_Nyerere religion Catholic_Church.
- Julius_Nyerere restingPlace Butiama.
- Julius_Nyerere restingPlace Tanzania.
- Julius_Nyerere spouse Maria_Nyerere.
- Julius_Nyerere successor Ali_Hassan_Mwinyi.
- Julius_Nyerere successor Rashidi_Kawawa.
- Julius_Nyerere termPeriod Julius_Nyerere__1.
- Julius_Nyerere termPeriod Julius_Nyerere__2.
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- Julius_Nyerere termPeriod Julius_Nyerere__4.
- Julius_Nyerere termPeriod Julius_Nyerere__5.
- Julius_Nyerere thumbnail Julius_Nyerere_cropped.jpg?width=300.
- Julius_Nyerere vicePresident Abeid_Karume.
- Julius_Nyerere vicePresident Aboud_Jumbe.
- Julius_Nyerere vicePresident Ali_Hassan_Mwinyi.
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- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:1922_births.
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- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:Alumni_of_the_University_of_Edinburgh.
- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:Butiama.
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- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:International_opponents_of_apartheid_in_South_Africa.
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- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:Lenin_Peace_Prize_recipients.
- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:Makerere_University_alumni.
- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:Pan-Africanists.
- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_Mara_Region.
- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:Presidents_of_Tanganyika.
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- Julius_Nyerere wikiPageWikiLink Category:Prime_Ministers_of_Tanganyika.