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- James_Buchanan abstract "James Buchanan, Jr. (/bjuːˈkænən/; April 23, 1791 – June 1, 1868) was the 15th President of the United States (1857–1861), serving immediately prior to the American Civil War. He represented Pennsylvania in the United States House of Representatives and later the Senate, then served as Minister to Russia under President Andrew Jackson. He was named Secretary of State under President James K. Polk, and is to date the last former Secretary of State to serve as President of the United States. After Buchanan turned down an offer to sit on the Supreme Court, President Franklin Pierce appointed him minister to the Court of St. James's, in which capacity he helped draft the Ostend Manifesto.Buchanan was nominated by the Democratic Party in the 1856 presidential election. Throughout most of Pierce's term, he had been stationed in London as a minister to the Court of St. James's, so was not caught up in the crossfire of sectional politics that dominated the country. His subsequent election victory took place in a three-man race with John C. Frémont and Millard Fillmore. As President, he was often called a "doughface", a Northerner with Southern sympathies, who battled with Stephen A. Douglas for control of the Democratic Party. Buchanan's efforts to maintain peace between the North and the South alienated both sides, and the Southern states declared their secession in the prologue to the American Civil War. Buchanan's view of record was that secession was illegal, but that going to war to stop it was also illegal. Buchanan, an attorney, was noted for his mantra, "I acknowledge no master but the law."By the time he left office, popular opinion was against him, and the Democratic Party had split. Buchanan had once aspired to be a president that would rank in history with George Washington. However, his inability to identify a ground for peace or address the sharply divided proslavery and antislavery partisans with a unifying principle on the brink of the Civil War has led to his consistent ranking by historians as one of the worst presidents in American history. Historians in both 2006 and 2009 voted his failure to deal with secession the worst presidential mistake ever made.He is, to date, the only president from Pennsylvania and the only president to remain a lifelong bachelor. He is also the last president born in the 18th century.".
- James_Buchanan almaMater Dickinson_College.
- James_Buchanan battle War_of_1812.
- James_Buchanan birthDate "1791-04-23".
- James_Buchanan birthPlace Cove_Gap,_Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan deathDate "1868-06-01".
- James_Buchanan deathPlace Lancaster,_Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan office "15thPresident of the United States".
- James_Buchanan office "17thUnited States Secretary of State".
- James_Buchanan orderInOffice "Chairman of theHouse Committee on the Judiciary".
- James_Buchanan party Democratic_Party_(United_States).
- James_Buchanan predecessor Franklin_Pierce.
- James_Buchanan predecessor Jacob_Hibshman.
- James_Buchanan predecessor James_S._Mitchell.
- James_Buchanan predecessor John_C._Calhoun.
- James_Buchanan predecessor John_Randolph_of_Roanoke.
- James_Buchanan predecessor Joseph_Reed_Ingersoll.
- James_Buchanan predecessor William_Wilkins_(U.S._politician).
- James_Buchanan president Andrew_Jackson.
- James_Buchanan president Franklin_Pierce.
- James_Buchanan president James_K._Polk.
- James_Buchanan profession Diplomat.
- James_Buchanan profession Lawyer.
- James_Buchanan profession Politician.
- James_Buchanan region Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan region Pennsylvanias_3rd_congressional_district.
- James_Buchanan region Pennsylvanias_4th_congressional_district.
- James_Buchanan religion Presbyterianism.
- James_Buchanan restingPlace Lancaster,_Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan restingPlace Pennsylvania.
- James_Buchanan restingPlace Woodward_Hill_Cemetery.
- James_Buchanan seniority "United States Senator".
- James_Buchanan signature "James Buchanan Signature2.svg".
- James_Buchanan successor Abraham_Lincoln.
- James_Buchanan successor Daniel_H._Miller.
- James_Buchanan successor George_M._Dallas.
- James_Buchanan successor John_M._Clayton.
- James_Buchanan successor Mahlon_Dickerson.
- James_Buchanan successor Simon_Cameron.
- James_Buchanan successor William_Hiester_(Pennsylvania).
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__1.
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__2.
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- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__4.
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__5.
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__6.
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__7.
- James_Buchanan termPeriod James_Buchanan__8.
- James_Buchanan thumbnail James_Buchanan.jpg?width=300.
- James_Buchanan vicePresident John_C._Breckinridge.
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- James_Buchanan wikiPageWikiLink Carlisle,_Pennsylvania.