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- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve abstract "This article is about the French politician. For the Haitian revolutionary leader, see Alexandre Pétion.Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve (3 January 1756, Chartres, France – 18 [?] June 1794, Saint-Magne-de-Castillon (near Saint-Émilion)) was a French writer and politician who served as the second mayor of Paris, from 1791 to 1792.Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve was the son of a procureur at Chartres. Though it is known that he was trained as a lawyer, very few specifics are known about Petion's early life, as he was virtually unknown prior to the French Revolution. He became an advocate in 1778, and at once began to try to make a name in literature. His first printed work was an essay, Sur les moyens de prévenir l'infanticide, which failed to gain the prize for which it was composed, but pleased Brissot so much that he printed it in vol. vii. of his Bibliothèque philosophique des législateurs.Pétion's next works, Les Lois civiles, and Essais sur le mariage, in which he advocated the marriage of priests, confirmed his position as a bold reformer. He also attacked long-held Ancien Régime traditions such as primogeniture, accusing it of dividing the countryside into "proletarians and colossal properties." Later works penned by Pétion include his account of Haiti entitled "Reflexions sur la noir et denonciation d'un crime affreux commis a Saint-Domingue" (1790) and "Avis aux francois" in which he chides France for its corruption.When the elections to the Estates-General took place in 1789 he was elected a deputy to the Tiers Etat for Chartres. Both in the assembly of the Tiers Etat and in the Constituent Assembly Pétion showed himself a radical leader. Although Petion was overshadowed in the Assembly by such orators as Mirabeau and Barnave, his close relationship with Girondin leader Brissot provided him with helpful advice on political conduct. He supported Mirabeau on 23 June, attacked the queen on 5 October, and was elected president on 4 December 1790. On 15 June 1791 he was elected president of the criminal tribunal of Paris. On 21 June 1791 he was chosen one of three commissioners appointed to bring back the king from Varennes, and he has left a fatuous account of the journey. After the last meeting of the assembly on 30 September 1791 Robespierre and Pétion were made the popular heroes and were crowned by the populace with civic crowns.By late 1791, administrative control of Paris was dominated by the Jacobins and mayor Jean-Sylvain Bailly had resigned due to constant political attacks from the left. Pétion received a still further proof of the affection of the Parisians for himself on 16 November 1791, when he was elected second mayor of Paris in succession to Bailly. In his mayoralty he exhibited clearly his republican tendency and his hatred of the old monarchy, especially on 20 June 1792, when he allowed the mob to overrun the Tuileries and insult the royal family. For neglecting to protect the Tuileries he was suspended from his functions by the Directory of the Seine département, but the leaders of the Legislative Assembly felt that Pétion's cause was theirs, and rescinded the suspension on 13 July. On 3 August, at the head of the municipality of Paris, Pétion demanded the dethronement of the king.Following news of the Duke of Brunswick's Prussian army reaching the fortress of Verdun near Paris during the late summer of 1792, fear encouraged frenzied Parisian mobs to target prisoners, royalist sympathizers, and Catholic priests in a series of gratuitous acts of violence that would come to be known as the September Massacres. With disagreements over such items as the necessity of the September Massacres, the Convention was a scene of large-scale political infighting between different factions. The Girondin represented the moderate Right in the Convention while their more radical opponents, the Montagnards, represented the Left and were distinguished by their preference for occupying the higher rows of benches in the Convention.Pétion was elected to the Convention for Eure-et-Loir and became its first president. LP Manuel had the folly to propose that the president of the Assembly should have the same authority as the president of the United States; his proposition was at once rejected, but Pétion got the nickname of "Roi Pétion," which contributed to his fall. His jealousy of Robespierre allied him to the Girondin party, with which he voted for the king's death and for the appeal to the people. He participated to the Constitution Committee that drafted the Girondin constitutional project. He was elected in March 1793 to the first Committee of Public Safety; and he attacked Robespierre, who had accused him of having known and having kept secret Dumouriez's project of treason.His popularity however had waned, and his name was among those of the twenty-two Girondin deputies proscribed on 2 June. Pétion was one of those who escaped to Caen and raised the standard of provincial insurrection against the Convention; and, when the Norman rising failed, he fled with Marguerite-Élie Guadet, François Nicolas Leonard Buzot, Charles Jean Marie Barbaroux, Jean-Baptiste de la Salle and Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvrai to the Gironde, where they were sheltered by a wigmaker of Saint Emilion. At last, a month before Robespierre's fall in June 1794, the escaped deputies felt themselves no longer safe, and deserted their asylum; Louvet found his way to Paris, Salle and Guadet to Bordeaux, where they were soon taken; Barbaroux was guillotined after a botched suicide attempt; and the bodies of Pétion and Buzot, who had killed themselves, were found in a field, half eaten by wolves.See Mémoires inédits du Pétion et mémoires de Buzot et de Barbaroux, accompagnés de notes inédites de Buzot et de nombreux documents inédits sur Barbaroux, Buzot, Brissot, etc., précédés d'une introduction par C. A. Dauban (Paris, 1866); Œuvres du Pétion (3 vols., 1792); FA Aulard, Les Orateurs de la Constituante (Paris, 1882).".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve activeYearsEndDate "1792-10-15".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve activeYearsStartDate "1791-11-18".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve birthDate "1756-01-03".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve birthPlace Chartres.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve birthPlace Eure-et-Loir.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve birthYear "1756".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathDate "1794".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathDate "1794-06-18".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathPlace Gironde.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathPlace Saint-Magne-de-Castillon.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathPlace Saint-Émilion.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathYear "1794".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve party Girondist.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve successor Philibert_Borie.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve thumbnail Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve.jpg?width=300.
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- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageRevisionID "683062678".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Alexandre_Pétion.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Ancien_Régime.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Ancien_Régime_in_France.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_Barnave.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Antoine_Pierre_Joseph_Marie_Barnave.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Brissot.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Caen.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Category:1756_births.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Category:1794_deaths.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Category:French_politicians_who_committed_suicide.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mayors_of_Paris.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Category:Presidents_of_the_National_Convention.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Charles_Jean_Marie_Barbaroux.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Chartres.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Committee_of_Public_Safety.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Departments_of_France.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Duchy_of_Brunswick.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Duke_of_Brunswick.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Département_in_France.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Estates-General_of_1789.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Eure-et-Loir.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink François_Buzot.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink François_Nicolas_Leonard_Buzot.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink François_Victor_Alphonse_Aulard.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Gironde.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Girondin.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Girondin_constitutional_project.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Girondist.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Honoré_Gabriel_Riqueti,_comte_de_Mirabeau.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Honoré_Mirabeau.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Jacques_Pierre_Brissot.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Baptiste_Louvet_de_Couvrai.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Jean-Baptiste_de_la_Salle_(French_revolutionary).
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Jean_Sylvain_Bailly.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink John_Adolphus.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink LP_Manuel.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Legislative_Assembly_(France).
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink List_of_mayors_of_Paris.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Marguerite-Élie_Guadet.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Maximilien_Robespierre.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Mayor_(France).
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink National_Constituent_Assembly.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Philibert_Borie.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Priesthood_(Catholic_Church).
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Primogeniture.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Prussia.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Prussian.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Saint-Magne-de-Castillon.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Saint-Émilion.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Saint_Emilion.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Seine_(department).
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Seine_(département).
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink September_Massacres.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink The_Mountain.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Tuileries_Palace.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Varennes.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Varennes-en-Argonne.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink Verdun.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLink File:Jérôme_Petion_de_Villeneuve.jpg.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLinkText "Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLinkText "Jérôme Pétion".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLinkText "Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve wikiPageWikiLinkText "Pétion".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve birthDate "1756-01-03".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve birthPlace "Chartres, Eure-et-Loir, France".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve caption "Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve dateOfBirth "1756-01-03".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve dateOfDeath "1794".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathDate "1794-06-18".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve deathPlace "Saint-Magne-de-Castillon, near Saint-Émilion, Gironde, France".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve hasPhotoCollection Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve name "Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve name "Villeneuve, Jerome Petion de".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve nationality "French".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve occupation "Writer, politician".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve party Girondist.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve placeOfBirth "Chartres, Eure-et-Loir, France".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve placeOfDeath "Saint-Magne-de-Castillon, near Saint-Émilion, Gironde, France".
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve predecessor Jean_Sylvain_Bailly.
- Jérôme_Pétion_de_Villeneuve shortDescription "French politician".