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- Ignacio_Ramírez abstract "Juan Ignacio Paulino Ramírez Calzada (22 June 1818 - 15 June 1879) was a Mexican writer, poet, journalist, lawyer, atheist, and political libertarian from San Miguel de Allende, then called San Miguel el Grande. His father had been a prominent federalist politician. In writings, Ramírez used the pen name, El Nigromante (The Necromancer). He defended the rights of Indians. Ramírez worked with Guillermo Prieto to start the satirical periodical, Don Simplicio. Ramírez is considered a member of the "'romantic generation' of Mexican liberals" coinciding with the Liberal Reform; others were Ponciano Arriaga, Miguel Lerdo de Tejada, Melchor Ocampo, and Guillermo Prieto.Ramírez began his studies in Querétaro, birth city of his father, and in 1835 was taken to the Colegio de San Gregorio in Mexico City, where he studied arts. In 1841 he began studies and in 1845 obtained a law degree at the Pontifical University of Mexico. He was admitted at age 19 in the literary Academy of San Juan de Letrán, composed of the most enlightened men of the time. Ramirez is famous in Mexico's literary annals for his speech at the Academy on a topic so controversial that had the effect of a dynamite explosion: "There is no God. Natural beings sustain themselves" (("No hay Dios; los seres de la naturaleza se sostienen por sí mismos") He was accepted despite protests that petrified the assembly. "From this Ramírez developed the idea that literature should play a part in the progress of Mexican society and democracy." He championed the improvement of the situation of women in Mexico and extolled "education as the only possible way to achieve well-being." In the 1840s, Ramírez was involved with the Instituto Literario de Toluca, where he mentored the famous novelist Ignacio Manuel Altamirano.According to the website of the Mexican government, “He was persecuted and imprisoned for his ideas, but managed to promote various changes to the law, such as that guaranteeing the autonomy of the municipality. He was named Minister for Instruction and Promotion, instituting important educational and economic reforms. During the reign of the Emperor Maximilian, he was banished to California, but on his return from San Francisco to the Republic following the ousting of the French, he was appointed to the Supreme Court of Justice as a magistrate.Ramírez criticized Benito Juárez's re-election, and later the re-election bid of his successor, Sebastián Lerdo de Tejada, for which he was imprisoned. Beginning in 1876, when Porfirio Díaz came to power, he was tasked by the government to implement policies to expand public education, a key component of the Liberal's program. Under Ramírez, primary was expanded, including education for women and indigenous, and public secondary education established.He served in the government of Porfirio Díaz as Minister of Justice and Education. until he criticized Díaz and fell out of favor, but returned to the Supreme Court. He died on June 15, 1879, in Mexico City.Long after his death, his atheism was the subject of a scandal in 1948 when muralist Diego Rivera painted a mural at the Del Prado Hotel with Ramírez holding a sign reading, "Dios no existe" ("God does not exist"). Rivera would not remove the inscription, so the mural was not shown for 9 years – after Rivera agreed to remove the offending words. He stated: "To affirm "God does not exist", I do not have to hide behind Don Ignacio Ramírez; I am an atheist and I consider religions to be a form of collective neurosis. I am not an enemy of the Catholics, as I am not an enemy of the tuberculars, the myopic or the paralytics; you cannot be an enemy of the sick, only their good friend in order to help them cure themselves."".
- Ignacio_Ramírez birthDate "1818-06-22".
- Ignacio_Ramírez birthName "Ignacio Ramírez Calzada".
- Ignacio_Ramírez birthPlace San_Miguel_de_Allende.
- Ignacio_Ramírez birthYear "1818".
- Ignacio_Ramírez deathDate "1879-06-15".
- Ignacio_Ramírez deathPlace Mexico_City.
- Ignacio_Ramírez deathYear "1879".
- Ignacio_Ramírez movement Libertarianism.
- Ignacio_Ramírez movement Satire.
- Ignacio_Ramírez nationality Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez occupation Lawyer.
- Ignacio_Ramírez occupation Poet.
- Ignacio_Ramírez occupation Writer.
- Ignacio_Ramírez thumbnail Ramirez_nigromante.jpg?width=300.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageExternalLink ramirez_ignacio.htm.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageExternalLink igancio_ramirez.htm.
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- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageLength "6929".
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- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Atheism.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Atheism_in_Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Benito_Juárez.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink California.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:1818_births.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:1879_deaths.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:19th-century_journalists.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Governors_of_Tlaxcala.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mexican_Secretaries_of_Education.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mexican_atheists.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mexican_journalists.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Mexican_lawyers.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:People_from_San_Miguel_de_Allende.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Politicians_from_Guanajuato.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Supreme_Court_of_Justice_of_the_Nation_justices.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Category:Writers_from_Guanajuato.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Catholic_Church.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Diego_Rivera.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Guillermo_Prieto.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Ignacio_Manuel_Altamirano.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Irreligion_in_Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Journalist.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Lawyer.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Libertarianism.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Maximilian_I_of_Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Maximilian_of_Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Melchor_Ocampo.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Mexican_government.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Mexico_City.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Miguel_Lerdo_de_Tejada.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Myopia.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Myopic.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Necromancer.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Necromancy.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Neurosis.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Poet.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Politics_of_Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Ponciano_Arriaga.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Pontifical_University_of_Mexico.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Porfirio_Díaz.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink San_Miguel_de_Allende.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Satire.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Sebastián_Lerdo_de_Tejada.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Universidad_Pontificia_de_México.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLink Writer.
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLinkText "Ignacio Ramírez".
- Ignacio_Ramírez wikiPageWikiLinkText "Ignacio Ramírez, "El Nigromante"".
- Ignacio_Ramírez birthDate "1818-06-22".
- Ignacio_Ramírez birthName "Ignacio Ramírez Calzada".
- Ignacio_Ramírez birthPlace "San Miguel de Allende, Mexico".
- Ignacio_Ramírez dateOfBirth "1818-06-22".
- Ignacio_Ramírez dateOfDeath "1879-06-15".
- Ignacio_Ramírez deathDate "1879-06-15".
- Ignacio_Ramírez deathPlace "Mexico City, Mexico".
- Ignacio_Ramírez hasPhotoCollection Ignacio_Ramírez.
- Ignacio_Ramírez movement Libertarianism.
- Ignacio_Ramírez movement Satire.
- Ignacio_Ramírez name "Ignacio Ramírez "El Nigromante"".
- Ignacio_Ramírez name "Ramirez, Ignacio".
- Ignacio_Ramírez nationality "Mexican".
- Ignacio_Ramírez occupation "Writer, Lawyer, Poet".
- Ignacio_Ramírez placeOfBirth "San Miguel de Allende, Mexico".
- Ignacio_Ramírez placeOfDeath "Mexico City, Mexico".
- Ignacio_Ramírez shortDescription "Mexican politician and judge".
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- Ignacio_Ramírez description "Mexican politician and judge".
- Ignacio_Ramírez description "Mexican politician and judge".
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:1818_births.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:1879_deaths.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:19th-century_journalists.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:Governors_of_Tlaxcala.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:Mexican_Secretaries_of_Education.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:Mexican_atheists.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:Mexican_journalists.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:Mexican_lawyers.
- Ignacio_Ramírez subject Category:People_from_San_Miguel_de_Allende.