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- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement abstract "Headspace Gas Chromatography uses headspace gas injected directly onto a gas chromatographic column. Chemists often use the phrase “standard temperature and pressure or STP” to convey that they are working at a temperature of 25 °C and one atmosphere of pressure. There are three states of matter under these conditions: solids, liquids and gases. Although all three are distinct states both solids and gases can dissolve (or disperse) in liquids. The most commonly occurring liquid in the biosphere is water. All components of the atmosphere are capable of dissolving in water to some degree. The bulk of the stable natural components of the atmosphere are nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, gaseous water, argon and other trace gases. Materials that exist primarily in the gas phase at STP are referred to as “volatile." Many natural and man-made (anthropogenic) materials are stable in two states at STP, earning them the title “semi-volatile.” A naturally occurring volatile that is sometimes found in aqueous solution is methane, water itself is semi-volatile. Man-made or anthropogenic chemicals also occur in these classes. Examples of volatile anthropogenic chemicals include the refrigerants chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HCFCs). Semivolatile anthropogenics can exist as mixtures, such as petroleum distillates or as pure chemicals like trichloroethylene (TCE).There is a need to analyze the dissolved gas content of aqueous solutions. Dissolved gases can directly interact with aquatic organisms or can volatilize from solution (the latter described by Henry’s Law). These processes can result in exposure that, depending on the nature of the dissolved material, can have negative health effects. There is natural occurrence of various dissolved gases in groundwater and can be a measure of health for lakes, streams and rivers. Dissolved gases also occur as a result of human contamination from fuel and chlorinated spill sites. This method can be used to determine if there is natural biodegradation processes occurring in contaminated aquifers. For example, fuel hydrocarbons will break down into methane. Chlorinated solvents such as trichloroethylene, break down into ethene and chloride. Detecting these compounds can determine if biodegradation processes are occurring and possibly at what rate. Natural gas extracted from the earth also contains many low molecular weight hydrocarbon compounds such as methane, ethane, propane and butane. For example, methane has been found in many water wells in West Virginia.Chromatographic techniques are often useful when mixtures of analytes are present because they are capable of measuring multiple analytes during a single application. They require isolation of the analyte from the matrix they come in (the body of the sample). One of the simpler techniques is to simply trap the analytes in a bubble of air above the sample (headspace) and inject part of that bubble directly into the instrument. This procedure is called headspace analysis. One of the most widely used methods for headspace analysis is described by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) and is called RSKSOP-175. This method is described below.".
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement thumbnail Headspace_Vial.GIF?width=300.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageID "44676619".
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- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageRevisionID "648374251".
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Acetylene.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Anthropogenic.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Aqueous_solution.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Argon.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Biodegradation.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Biosphere.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Butane.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Carbon_dioxide.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Category:Gas_chromatography.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Chlorofluorocarbon.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Chlorofluorocarbons.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Dissolution_(chemistry).
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Electron_capture_detector.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Ethane.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Ethylene.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Flame_ionization_detector.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Gas_Chromatography.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Gas_chromatography.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Henrys_law.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Henry’s_Law.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Human_impact_on_the_environment.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Hydraulic_fracturing.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Hydrocarbon.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Hydrocarbons.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Hydrofluorocarbons.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Hydrogen.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Methane.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Nitrogen.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Nitrous_oxide.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Organofluorine_chemistry.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Oxygen.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Petrochemical.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Propane.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Standard_conditions_for_temperature_and_pressure.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Standard_temperature_and_pressure.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Thermal_conductivity_detector.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Trichloroethylene.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink United_States_Environmental_Protection_Agency.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink Volatility_(chemistry).
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageWikiLink File:Headspace_Vial.GIF.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement hasPhotoCollection Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Empty_section.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Multiple_issues.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement subject Category:Gas_chromatography.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement comment "Headspace Gas Chromatography uses headspace gas injected directly onto a gas chromatographic column. Chemists often use the phrase “standard temperature and pressure or STP” to convey that they are working at a temperature of 25 °C and one atmosphere of pressure. There are three states of matter under these conditions: solids, liquids and gases. Although all three are distinct states both solids and gases can dissolve (or disperse) in liquids.".
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement label "Headspace Gas Chromatography for Dissolved Gas Measurement".
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement sameAs m.012gbq9_.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement wasDerivedFrom Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement?oldid=648374251.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement depiction Headspace_Vial.GIF.
- Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement isPrimaryTopicOf Headspace_Gas_Chromatography_for_Dissolved_Gas_Measurement.