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- Freiburg_Circles abstract "The Freiburg Circles were a school of economic thought founded in the 1930s in Germany. They subsumed three initially religiously motivated working groups whose memberships overlapped, namely the Freiburger Konzil, the Bonhoeffer Kreis, and the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Erwin von Beckerath, that arguably provided the platform for the renaissance of liberal political and economic thinking in post-war Germany.In particular the latter working group, presided over by Erwin von Beckerath, as a private continuation of the former Arbeitsgemeinschaft Volkswirtschaftslehre (Working Committee of Political Economy), which was established within the Akademie für Deutsches Recht (Academy for German Law) in 1940, but suspended on 1 March 1943, was concerned with the transformation of a wartime economy into a peacetime one and finding an order to govern it. To the first meeting in Freiburg im Breisgau on 21 March 1943, the eponym of the consortium, Erwin von Beckerath, invited the economists Constantin von Dietze, Walter Eucken, Adolf Lampe, and Clemens Bauer from the University of Freiburg, Jens Jessen and Heinrich von Stackelberg from the University of Berlin, Günter Schmölders and Theodor Wessels from Cologne University, as well as Erich Preiser and the jurist Franz Böhm from the University of Jena. For further meetings, the former chief editor of the Industrie- und Handelszeitung, Hans Gestrich, received invitations; unfortunately, he unexpectedly died in November 1943. Additionally, the social policy specialist at University of Marburg, Gerhard Albrecht, and the editor of the business section of the Kölnische Zeitung, Fritz Hauenstein, joined the working group pursuing a new liberal and social economic order. It is in this context of the rehabilitation of classical economics in the face of the Nazis’ plans for an autarkic economic system, but even more due to its submitting reports directly to the political leader of the anti-Hitler resistance, Carl Friedrich Goerdeler, that the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Erwin von Beckerath has predominantly been viewed as an opposition circle to National Socialism. The group’s advocacy of a neo-liberal economic policy also accounts for the conceptual development of the Social Market Economy.According to the economists around Erwin von Beckerath, the economic and socio-political reconstruction of post-war Germany could be achieved only by the reinstatement of a market economy fostering individual freedom and entrepreneurship. However, the predominant thinking was that a certain form of planning was necessary for a transitional period following the war; and so the Befehlswirtschaft (Command Economy) of the Third Reich and a free market economy were both excluded from consideration. Taking into account the conflicting claims of personal freedom and social orientation in times of pressing economic needs, the concept of mittelbare Wirtschaftssteuerung (Indirect Economic Control) was proposed. This supposed market-compatible government practice, i.e. any stimulation or interference should not eliminate the proper functioning of market forces, was embodied by a so-called ‘marktliche Wirtschaftsordnung’ (Market Economic Order).".
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageID "37486647".
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageLength "4336".
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageOutDegree "24".
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageRevisionID "668383612".
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Adolf_Hitler.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Adolf_Lampe.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Bonhoeffer.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Carl_Friedrich_Goerdeler.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Category:Economic_history_of_Germany.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Category:Locality-based_schools_of_economic_thought_and_methodology.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Clemens_Bauer.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Command_Economy.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Constantin_von_Dietze.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Dietrich_Bonhoeffer.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Erich_Preiser.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Franz_Böhm.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Freiburg_school.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Fritz_Hauenstein.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Gerhard_Albrecht.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Germany.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Günter_Schmölders.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Hans_Gestrich.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Heinrich_Freiherr_von_Stackelberg.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Heinrich_von_Stackelberg.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink History_of_economic_thought.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Hitler.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink National_Socialism.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Nazi_Germany.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Nazism.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Planned_economy.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Social_Market_Economy.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Social_market_economy.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Theodor_Wessels.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Third_Reich.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLink Walter_Eucken.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageWikiLinkText "Freiburg Circles".
- Freiburg_Circles hasPhotoCollection Freiburg_Circles.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Authority_control.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Freiburg_Circles wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Sections.
- Freiburg_Circles subject Category:Economic_history_of_Germany.
- Freiburg_Circles subject Category:Locality-based_schools_of_economic_thought_and_methodology.
- Freiburg_Circles hypernym School.
- Freiburg_Circles type Article.
- Freiburg_Circles type School.
- Freiburg_Circles type Article.
- Freiburg_Circles type School.
- Freiburg_Circles type Thing.
- Freiburg_Circles comment "The Freiburg Circles were a school of economic thought founded in the 1930s in Germany.".
- Freiburg_Circles label "Freiburg Circles".
- Freiburg_Circles sameAs Freiburger_Konzil.
- Freiburg_Circles sameAs Freiburger_Kreis_(NS-Zeit).
- Freiburg_Circles sameAs Circulo_de_Friburgo.
- Freiburg_Circles sameAs m.0nb8lqd.
- Freiburg_Circles sameAs Q880431.
- Freiburg_Circles sameAs Q880431.
- Freiburg_Circles wasDerivedFrom Freiburg_Circles?oldid=668383612.
- Freiburg_Circles isPrimaryTopicOf Freiburg_Circles.