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- Dauer_larva abstract "Dauer (German for "endurance", "duration" or "permanent") describes an alternative developmental stage of nematode worms, particularly Caenorhabditis elegans, whereby the larva goes into a type of stasis and can survive harsh conditions. Since the decision to enter the dauer stage is dependent on environmental cues, it represents a classic and well studied example of polyphenism The Dauer state is given other names in the various types of nematodes such as ‘diapause’, ‘hypobiosis’, or ‘spring rise’, but since the C. elegans nematode has become the most studied nematode, the term ‘dauer stage’ or 'dauer larvae' is becoming universally recognised when referring to this state in other free-living nematodes. The dauer stage is also considered to be equivalent to the infective stage of parasitic nematode larvae.Under environmental conditions that are favorable for reproduction, C. elegans larvae develop through four stages or molts which are designated as L1, L2, L3 and L4. After L4, animals moult to the reproductive adult stage. However, when the environment is unfavorable, L1 and L2 animals have the option to divert their development from reproduction to dauer formation. Signals such as temperature, food supply, and levels of a dauer-inducing pheromone, a population density cue, influence this dauer decision. Dauer larvae are thus considered an alternative L3 stage larva, and this stage is sometimes referred to as L2d. L2d animals are also considered pre-dauer and are characterised by delayed development and dark intestines produced by storage of fat.Dauer larvae are extensively studied by biologists because of their ability to survive harsh environments and live for extended periods of time. For example, C. elegans dauer larvae can survive up to four months, much longer than their average lifespan of about three weeks during normal reproductive development. Two genes that are essential for dauer formation are daf-2 and daf-23. Dauer formation in C. elegans requires a nuclear receptor DAF-12 and a forkhead transcription factor daf-16. In favorable environments, DAF-12 is activated by a steroid hormone, called Dafachronic Acid, produced by the cytochrome p450, DAF-9. DAF-9 and DAF-12 have been implicated by Cynthia Kenyon and colleagues as being required for extended longevity seen in animals that lack germlines. Kenyon showed that, although the daf-16 gene is required for life extension in C. elegans, the life extension effect can be uncoupled from dauer growth arrest. The lifespan increase was shown to be associated with an increase in stress resistance.A characteristic of the dauer stage is the pronounced alae which may be implicated in the entering (L1) and exiting (pre adult or L4 in C. elegans) of the dauer stage.".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageExternalLink 640.full.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageExternalLink nchembio.698.html.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageID "2191103".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageLength "6097".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageOutDegree "28".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageRevisionID "650960115".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Alae_(anatomy).
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Alae_(nematode_anatomy).
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Caenorhabditis_elegans.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Category:Nematodes.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Cynthia_Kenyon.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Cytochrome_P450.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Cytochrome_p450.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink DAF-12.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink DAF-9.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Daf-16.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Daf-2.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Dafachronic_Acid.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Diapause.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Ecdysis.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink FOX_proteins.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Forkhead.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Genetics_of_aging.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink German_language.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Germline.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Hormone.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Larva.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Life_extension.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Nematode.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Parasite.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Parasitism.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Pheromone.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Polyphenism.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Steroid.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Temperature.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLink Transcription_factor.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "Dauer larva".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "dauer diapause".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "dauer larva".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "dauer larval stage".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "dauer stage".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "dauer state (L1 alae)".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "dauer".
- Dauer_larva wikiPageWikiLinkText "dormant larval state".
- Dauer_larva hasPhotoCollection Dauer_larva.
- Dauer_larva wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Reflist.
- Dauer_larva subject Category:Nematodes.
- Dauer_larva comment "Dauer (German for "endurance", "duration" or "permanent") describes an alternative developmental stage of nematode worms, particularly Caenorhabditis elegans, whereby the larva goes into a type of stasis and can survive harsh conditions.".
- Dauer_larva label "Dauer larva".
- Dauer_larva sameAs Larva_dauer.
- Dauer_larva sameAs Larve_dauer.
- Dauer_larva sameAs m.06tqsq.
- Dauer_larva sameAs Дауер_(біологія).
- Dauer_larva sameAs Q2387939.
- Dauer_larva sameAs Q2387939.
- Dauer_larva wasDerivedFrom Dauer_larva?oldid=650960115.
- Dauer_larva isPrimaryTopicOf Dauer_larva.