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- Convention_of_Moss abstract "The Convention of Moss was a cease fire agreement, signed August 14, 1814, between the Swedish King and the Norwegian government. It followed the Swedish-Norwegian War due to Norway's claim to sovereignty. It also became the de facto peace agreement and formed the basis for the personal union between Sweden and Norway that was established when the Norwegian Storting (Parliament) elected Charles XIII of Sweden as king of Norway on 4 November 1814. The Union lasted until Norway declared its dissolution in 1905.In 1814, Denmark–Norway was on the losing side in the Napoleonic wars. On January 14, 1814, at the Treaty of Kiel, Norway was ceded to the king of Sweden. In an attempt to take control of their destiny the Norwegians convened a constitutional assembly at Eidsvoll and on May 17, 1814, signed the Constitution of Norway. The viceroy and heir to the thrones of Denmark and Norway, prince Christian Frederik, was elected by the assembly as king.The de facto Swedish ruler, crown prince Charles John, acting on behalf of king Charles XIII, rejected the premise of an independent Norway and launched a military campaign on July 2, 1814 with an attack on the Hvaler islands and the city of Fredrikstad. The Swedish army was superior in numbers, was better equipped and trained, and was led by one of Napoleon's foremost generals, the newly elected Swedish crown prince, Charles John — Jean Baptiste Bernadotte. The hostilities opened on 26 July with a swift Swedish naval attack against the Norwegian gunboats at Hvaler. The Norwegian vessels managed to escape, but they did not take part in the rest of the war. The main Swedish thrust came across the border at Halden, bypassing and surrounding the fortress of Fredriksten, and then continuing north, while a second force of 6,000 soldiers landed at Kråkerøy outside of Fredrikstad. This town surrendered the next day. This was the start of a pincer movement around the main part of the Norwegian army at Rakkestad. The Norwegian army delivered several offensive blows to the Swedes, thus applying pressure on the Swedes to accept Norway as a sovereign nation, and opening up negotiations. The tactic worked; when talks began on 7 August, Charles John accepted the democratic Norwegian constitution. Armistice negotiations concluded at Moss on August 14, 1814.The Treaty of Kiel was thus tacitly subdued and a new union on more equal terms negotiated. The convention comprised four documents, all written in French, with the following main points:The agreement was entered into between the Swedish crown prince on behalf of the Swedish king, and the Norwegian government. The Swedes did not recognize Christian Frederik's claim to the Norwegian throne, so he was not officially a party to the agreement, which was negotiated and signed by two of his ministers, Niels Aall and Jonas Collett. (Though a secret agreement was also executed ordering him to return to Denmark).The Norwegian parliament was to convene by the end of September, or the beginning of October, to ratify the convention.The King of Sweden accepted the Norwegian constitution, with only such amendments as were necessary to accommodate the union with Sweden. All changes were to be accepted by the Norwegian parliament.Christian Frederik (referred to as "prince") was to abandon all claims to the Norwegian crown and leave the country after having convened the parliament.Norwegians were shocked by their government's concessions, and when the Swedish general Magnus Björnstjerna, who had led the Swedish negotiations, arrived in Christiania, Norway, he got an unfriendly welcome. Norwegians also directed their resentment toward their own leaders and what they perceived as spineless military defense. Over time, public opinion shifted. The convention was a significant improvement over the terms dictated to Denmark–Norway at the treaty of Kiel. Notably, Norway was no longer to be treated as a Swedish conquest but rather as an equal party in a union of two independent states. Both the principle and substance of the Norwegian Constitution were accepted, and Norway retained its own parliament and separate institutions, except for the common king and foreign service. This was the last war between Sweden and Norway, and Sweden's last war.".
- Convention_of_Moss thumbnail Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg?width=300.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageID "1615628".
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- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageRevisionID "618047784".
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink A._F._Skjöldebrand.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Armistice.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:1814_in_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:1814_in_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:1814_treaties.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:Military_history_of_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:Norwegian_monarchy.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:Peace_treaties_of_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:Scandinavian_history.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Category:Swedish_monarchy.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Charles_XIII_of_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Charles_XIV_John_of_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Charles_XIV_of_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Christian_VIII_of_Denmark.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Christiania,_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Constitution_of_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Denmark–Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Dissolution_of_the_union_between_Norway_and_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Dissolution_of_the_union_between_Norway_and_Sweden_in_1905.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Eidsvoll.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Fredrikstad.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink French_language.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Hvaler.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Jean_Baptiste_Bernadotte.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Jonas_Collett.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Magnus_Björnstjerna.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Moss,_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Napoleonic_Wars.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Napoleonic_wars.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Niels_Aall.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Norway_in_1814.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Oslo.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Peace_treaty.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Personal_union.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Storting.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Swedish-Norwegian_War_(1814).
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Swedish–Norwegian_War_(1814).
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Treaty_of_Kiel.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink Union_between_Sweden_and_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLink File:Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLinkText "Convention of Moss".
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageWikiLinkText "forced to give up the throne".
- Convention_of_Moss dateEffective "Immediately".
- Convention_of_Moss dateExpiration "Three weeks following the first parliamentary session, effectively indefinitely".
- Convention_of_Moss dateSigned "1814-08-14".
- Convention_of_Moss hasPhotoCollection Convention_of_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss language French_language.
- Convention_of_Moss locationSigned Moss,_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss name "Convention of Moss".
- Convention_of_Moss signatories "Generals Magnus Björnstjerna and A. F. Skjöldebrand of Sweden, ministers Niels Aall and Jonas Collett of the Government of Norway".
- Convention_of_Moss type "armistice agreement de facto peace treaty".
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Coord.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_Treaty.
- Convention_of_Moss wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Unreferenced.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:1814_in_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:1814_in_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:1814_treaties.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:Military_history_of_Norway.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:Norwegian_monarchy.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:Peace_treaties_of_Sweden.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:Scandinavian_history.
- Convention_of_Moss subject Category:Swedish_monarchy.
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- Convention_of_Moss type Article.
- Convention_of_Moss type Work.
- Convention_of_Moss type Article.
- Convention_of_Moss type Monarchy.
- Convention_of_Moss type Work.
- Convention_of_Moss type Monarchy.
- Convention_of_Moss type SpatialThing.
- Convention_of_Moss comment "The Convention of Moss was a cease fire agreement, signed August 14, 1814, between the Swedish King and the Norwegian government. It followed the Swedish-Norwegian War due to Norway's claim to sovereignty. It also became the de facto peace agreement and formed the basis for the personal union between Sweden and Norway that was established when the Norwegian Storting (Parliament) elected Charles XIII of Sweden as king of Norway on 4 November 1814.".
- Convention_of_Moss label "Convention of Moss".
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Mosskonventionen.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Konvention_von_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Convention_de_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Convenzione_di_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Conventie_van_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Mossekonvensjonen.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Mossekonvensjonen.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Układ_z_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Convenção_de_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs m.05gvwt.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Konventionen_i_Moss.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Moss_Sözleşmesi.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Q33773.
- Convention_of_Moss sameAs Q33773.
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- Convention_of_Moss wasDerivedFrom Convention_of_Moss?oldid=618047784.
- Convention_of_Moss depiction Moss_Ironworks_main_office2005-20-03.jpg.
- Convention_of_Moss isPrimaryTopicOf Convention_of_Moss.