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- Commune_of_Rome abstract "The Commune of Rome (Italian: Comune di Roma) was an attempt to establish a government like the old Roman Republic in opposition to the temporal power of the higher nobles and the popes beginning in 1144. The revolutionaries set up a senate on the lines of the ancient one and divided Rome into fourteen regions, each electing four senators for a total of 56 (though one source, often repeated, gives a total of 50). These senators, the first real senators since the 7th century (the senatorial title had become a meaningless adjunct title of nobility by then), elected as their leader Giordano Pierleoni, son of the Roman consul Pier Leoni with the title patrician, because consul was also a deprecated noble styling.In a pattern that was to become familiar in the communal struggles of Guelfs and Ghibellines, the commune declared allegiance to the more distant power, in this case the Holy Roman Emperor, and initiated negotiations with the newly elected Pope Lucius II, demanding that he renounce Temporal power and take up his office with the functions of a priest.Lucius gathered a force and assaulted the Eternal City, but the republican defenders repulsed his army and he himself died from injuries received when a thrown stone hit him in the head.His successor, Pope Eugene III, could not be consecrated in the city due to the resistance, but eventually came to an agreement with the new civil authority, who had deposed Pierleoni, and returned to Rome on Christmas Day 1145; however, in March 1146 he again had to leave.He returned in 1148 and excommunicated Arnold of Brescia, a political theorist who had joined the commune and who was by then its intellectual leader.The Pope lived in Tusculum from 1149 and was not installed as pope in Rome until 1152. The existence of the Republic was precarious, however, and Eugene's successor, Adrian IV, convinced Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to lead an army against the city. Arnold was arrested, tried, convicted, and hanged, in 1155. His body was burnt and the ashes cast into the Tiber.In 1188, shortly after his accession, Pope Clement III succeeded in allaying the half-century old conflict between the popes and the citizens of Rome with the Concord Pact, by which the citizens were allowed to elect their magistrates with power of war and peace, the Prefect was named by the Emperor and the Pope had the sovereign rights over his territories.From 1191 to 1193, under a radical reduction of the number of senators to a single one, the city was ruled by a certain Benedetto called Carus homo (carissimo) as summus senator, and Rome had the first municipal statute.After this, though the city was again under papal control, the civil government was never again directly in the hands of the higher nobles or the papacy.A later attempt to restore a Republican form of government in Rome is associated with the revolutionary leader Cola di Rienzo.".
- Commune_of_Rome dissolutionYear "1193".
- Commune_of_Rome foundingYear "1144".
- Commune_of_Rome governmentType City-state.
- Commune_of_Rome governmentType Republic.
- Commune_of_Rome thumbnail Flag_of_the_Papal_States_(pre_1808).svg?width=300.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageID "1518983".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageLength "4894".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageOutDegree "40".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageRevisionID "674024272".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink 14_regions_of_Medieval_Rome.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Adrian_IV.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Albano_Laziale.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Arnold_of_Brescia.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Monte_Porzio.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Category:1144_establishments_in_Europe.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Category:1193_disestablishments_in_Europe.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Category:12th_century_in_Italy.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Category:High_Middle_Ages.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Category:Italian_rebellions.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Category:Medieval_Rome.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Category:Medieval_rebellions_in_Europe.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Christmas.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Christmas_Day.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink City-state.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Cola_di_Rienzo.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Concord_Pact.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Ferdinand_Gregorovius.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_Barbarossa.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Giordano_Pierleoni.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Gregorovius.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Guelfs_and_Ghibellines.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Guelphs_and_Ghibellines.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink History_of_Rome.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Holy_Roman_Emperor.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Magistrate.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Patrician_(post-Roman_Europe).
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Pier_Leoni.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Pope.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Pope_Adrian_IV.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Pope_Clement_III.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Pope_Eugene_III.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Pope_Lucius_II.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Priest.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Republic.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Roman_Republic.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Roman_Senate.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Roman_consul.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Senate.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Temporal_power_(Papal).
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Temporal_power_(papal).
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Tivoli,_Italy.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Tivoli,_Lazio.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink Tusculum.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLink File:Emblem_of_the_Papacy_SE.svg.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Commune of Rome".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Municipality of Rome".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Roman Commune".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Roman Republic".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Roman".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Senate of Rome".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Senate".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "Senator".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageWikiLinkText "medieval commune of the city".
- Commune_of_Rome capital "Rome".
- Commune_of_Rome commonLanguages "Italian".
- Commune_of_Rome commonName "Rome".
- Commune_of_Rome continent "Europe".
- Commune_of_Rome conventionalLongName "Commune of Rome".
- Commune_of_Rome country "Italy".
- Commune_of_Rome era "Medieval".
- Commune_of_Rome governmentType City-state.
- Commune_of_Rome governmentType Republic.
- Commune_of_Rome hasPhotoCollection Commune_of_Rome.
- Commune_of_Rome imageCoat "Coat of arms of Rome.svg".
- Commune_of_Rome imageFlag "Flag of the Papal States .svg".
- Commune_of_Rome imageP "20".
- Commune_of_Rome imageS "20".
- Commune_of_Rome nativeName "Comune di Roma".
- Commune_of_Rome p "Papal States".
- Commune_of_Rome s "Papal States".
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Coord_missing.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Further.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Infobox_Former_Country.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Lang-it.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:No_footnotes.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:This.
- Commune_of_Rome wikiPageUsesTemplate Template:Which.
- Commune_of_Rome yearEnd "1193".
- Commune_of_Rome yearStart "1144".
- Commune_of_Rome subject Category:1144_establishments_in_Europe.
- Commune_of_Rome subject Category:1193_disestablishments_in_Europe.
- Commune_of_Rome subject Category:12th_century_in_Italy.
- Commune_of_Rome subject Category:High_Middle_Ages.
- Commune_of_Rome subject Category:Italian_rebellions.
- Commune_of_Rome subject Category:Medieval_Rome.
- Commune_of_Rome subject Category:Medieval_rebellions_in_Europe.
- Commune_of_Rome hypernym Attempt.
- Commune_of_Rome type Article.