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- Chiang_Kai-shek abstract "Chiang Kai-shek (October 31, 1887 – April 5, 1975) was a Chinese political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975. He is known as Chiang Chung-cheng (蔣中正, Jiaang Jhongjheng) or Chiang Chieh-shih (蔣介石, Jiaang Jiehshih) in Standard Chinese. Chiang was an influential member of the Kuomintang (KMT), the Chinese Nationalist Party, and was a close ally of Sun Yat-sen. He became the Commandant of the Kuomintang's Whampoa Military Academy and took Sun's place as leader of the KMT when Sun died in 1925. In 1926, Chiang led the Northern Expedition to unify the country, becoming China's nominal leader. He served as Chairman of the National Military Council of the Nationalist government of the Republic of China (ROC) from 1928 to 1948. Chiang led China in the Second Sino-Japanese War (the Chinese theater of World War II), consolidating power from the party's former regional warlords. Unlike Sun Yat-sen, Chiang Kai-shek was socially conservative, promoting traditional Chinese culture in the New Life Movement and rejecting western democracy and the nationalist democratic socialism that Sun embraced in favour of an authoritarian government.Chiang's predecessor, Sun Yat-sen, was well-liked and respected by the Communists, but after Sun's death Chiang was not able to maintain good relations with the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). A major split between the Nationalists and Communists occurred in 1927; and, under Chiang's leadership, the Nationalists fought a nationwide civil war against the Communists. After Japan invaded China in 1937, Chiang agreed to a temporary truce with the CCP. Despite some early cooperative military successes against Japan, by the time that the Japanese surrendered in 1945 neither the CCP nor the KMT trusted each other nor were actively cooperating.After the Marshall Mission, an American-sponsored attempt to negotiate a coalition government, failed in 1946, the Chinese Civil War resumed. The CCP defeated the Nationalists in 1949. Westad says the Communists won the Civil War because they made fewer military mistakes than Chiang Kai-Shek, and because in his search for a powerful centralized government, Chiang antagonized too many interest groups in China. Furthermore, his party was weakened in the war against Japan. Meanwhile, the Communists told different groups, such as peasants, exactly what they wanted to hear, and cloaked themselves in the cover of Chinese Nationalism.Chiang's government and army retreated to Taiwan, where Chiang imposed martial law and persecuted people critical of his rule in a period known as the "White Terror". After evacuating to Taiwan, Chiang's government continued to declare its intention to retake mainland China. Chiang ruled Taiwan securely as President of the Republic of China and General of the Kuomintang until his death in 1975.".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1931-12-15".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1938-01-01".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1943-10-10".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1945-05-31".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1946-05-31".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1947-04-18".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1948-05-20".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1949-01-21".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsEndDate "1975-04-05".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1928-10-10".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1930-12-04".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1931-12-15".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1935-12-09".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1938-03-29".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1939-11-20".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1943-08-01".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1947-03-01".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1948-05-20".
- Chiang_Kai-shek activeYearsStartDate "1950-03-01".
- Chiang_Kai-shek almaMater Baoding_Military_Academy.
- Chiang_Kai-shek almaMater Imperial_Japanese_Army_Academy.
- Chiang_Kai-shek award Legion_of_Merit.
- Chiang_Kai-shek award Order_of_Blue_Sky_and_White_Sun.
- Chiang_Kai-shek award Order_of_National_Glory.
- Chiang_Kai-shek award Order_of_the_Sacred_Tripod.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Chinese_Civil_War.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Kumul_Rebellion.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Kuomintang_Islamic_insurgency.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Northern_Expedition.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Second_Sino-Japanese_War.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Sino-Tibetan_War.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Soviet_invasion_of_Xinjiang.
- Chiang_Kai-shek battle Xinhai_Revolution.
- Chiang_Kai-shek birthDate "1887-10-31".
- Chiang_Kai-shek birthPlace Fonghwa.
- Chiang_Kai-shek birthPlace Qing_dynasty.
- Chiang_Kai-shek birthPlace Zhejiang.
- Chiang_Kai-shek child Chiang_Ching-kuo.
- Chiang_Kai-shek child Chiang_Wei-kuo.
- Chiang_Kai-shek deathDate "1975-04-05".
- Chiang_Kai-shek deathPlace Taipei.
- Chiang_Kai-shek deathPlace Taiwan.
- Chiang_Kai-shek militaryBranch Republic_of_China_Army.
- Chiang_Kai-shek militaryRank Generalissimo.
- Chiang_Kai-shek occupation General_officer.
- Chiang_Kai-shek orderInOffice "1st, 3rdDirector-General of the Kuomintang".
- Chiang_Kai-shek orderInOffice "Chairman of the Nationalist Government of China".
- Chiang_Kai-shek orderInOffice "Chairman of theNational Military Council".
- Chiang_Kai-shek orderInOffice "Premier of the Republic of China".
- Chiang_Kai-shek orderInOffice "President of the Republic of China".
- Chiang_Kai-shek party Kuomintang.
- Chiang_Kai-shek president Lin_Sen.
- Chiang_Kai-shek religion Methodism.
- Chiang_Kai-shek restingPlace Cihu_Mausoleum.
- Chiang_Kai-shek restingPlace Taiwan.
- Chiang_Kai-shek restingPlace Taoyuan,_Taiwan.
- Chiang_Kai-shek serviceEndYear "1975".
- Chiang_Kai-shek serviceStartYear "1911".
- Chiang_Kai-shek spouse Chen_Jieru.
- Chiang_Kai-shek spouse Mao_Fumei.
- Chiang_Kai-shek spouse Soong_May-ling.
- Chiang_Kai-shek spouse Yao_Yecheng.
- Chiang_Kai-shek successor Chen_Mingshu.
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- Chiang_Kai-shek successor H._H._Kung.
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- Chiang_Kai-shek successor T._V._Soong.
- Chiang_Kai-shek successor Yen_Chia-kan.
- Chiang_Kai-shek successor Zhang_Qun.
- Chiang_Kai-shek thumbnail Chiang_Kai-shek.jpg?width=300.
- Chiang_Kai-shek vicePresident Chen_Cheng.
- Chiang_Kai-shek vicePresident Li_Zongren.
- Chiang_Kai-shek vicePresident Yen_Chia-kan.
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