Matches in DBpedia 2015-10 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Cherokee_freedmen_controversy> ?p ?o }
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy abstract "The Cherokee Freedmen Controversy is an ongoing political and tribal dispute between the Cherokee Nation of Oklahoma and descendants of the Cherokee Freedmen regarding tribal citizenship. During the American Civil War, the Cherokee who supported the Union abolished the practice of African slavery by act of the Cherokee National Council in 1863. The Cherokee Freedmen became citizens of the Cherokee Nation in accordance with a treaty made with the United States government a year after the Civil War ended. In the early 1980s, the Cherokee Nation administration amended citizenship rules to require direct descent from an ancestor listed as "Cherokee by Blood" on the Dawes Rolls. The change stripped descendants of the Cherokee Freedmen of citizenship and voting rights unless they satisfied this new criterion. About 25,000 Freedmen were excluded from the tribe.On March 7, 2006, the Cherokee Supreme Court ruled that the descendants of the Cherokee Freedmen were unconstitutionally kept from enrolling as citizens and were allowed to enroll in the Cherokee Nation. Chad "Corntassel" Smith, then-Principal Chief of the Cherokee Nation, called for an emergency election to amend the constitution in response to the ruling. After a petition was circulated, a special election held on March 3, 2007 resulted in a constitutional amendment that disenrolled the Cherokee Freedmen descendants. This led to several legal proceedings in United States and Cherokee Nation courts in which the Freedmen descendants continued to press for their treaty rights and recognition as Cherokee Nation members. The 2007 constitutional amendment was voided in Cherokee Nation district court on January 14, 2011, but was overturned by a 4-1 ruling in Cherokee Nation Supreme Court on August 22, 2011, before the special run-off election for Principal Chief. The ruling excluded the Cherokee Freedmen descendants from voting in the special election.After the freezing of $33 million in funds by the Department of Housing and Urban Development and a letter from the Assistant Secretary of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in response to the ruling, an agreement in federal court between the Cherokee Nation, the Freedmen descendants and the US government allowed the Freedmen to vote in the special election. Bill John Baker was elected Principal Chief in the special election and inaugurated in October 2011. The Cherokee Supreme Court dismissed an appeal of the election results by former chief Chad Smith.Both sides filed complaints in federal court in Tulsa, Oklahoma, by July 2012; the Cherokee say the 1866 treaty does not require them to give full citizenship to the Freedmen, who continue to seek full rights. The first hearing on the merits of the case was held in May, 2014 in the U.S. District in Washington, D.C.".
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy thumbnail Enrollment_for_Cherokee_Census_Card_D1_-_NARA_-_251749.jpg?width=300.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageExternalLink che0942.htm.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageExternalLink freedmen.cherokee.org.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageExternalLink PaperDownload.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageExternalLink www.freedmen5tribes.com.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageExternalLink content.cfm?id=1096414754.
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- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink 1842_Slave_Revolt_in_the_Cherokee_Nation.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Albert_Pike.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink American_Civil_War.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Angie_Debo.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Article_Six_of_the_United_States_Constitution.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Battle_of_Horseshoe_Bend_(1814).
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Bill_John_Baker.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Black_Indians_in_the_United_States.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Black_Seminoles.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Blood_quantum_laws.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink British_colonization_of_the_Americas.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Bureau_of_Indian_Affairs.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Category:African-American_history_of_Oklahoma.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Category:African–Native_American_relations.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cherokee_Nation_(19th_century).
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Category:Multiracial_affairs_in_the_United_States.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Category:Native_American_history_of_Oklahoma.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Category:Political_controversies_in_the_United_States.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Certificate_of_Degree_of_Indian_Blood.
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- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Cherokee_freedmen_controversy.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Cherokee_language.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Choctaw_Freedmen.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Choctaw_freedmen.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Chuck_Trimble.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Civil_Rights.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Civil_and_political_rights.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Conclusion_of_the_American_Civil_War.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Confederate_States_of_America.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Congressional_Black_Caucus.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Creek_War.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Curtis_Act_of_1898.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Curtis_Act_of_1908.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink David_Cornsilk.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Dawes_Act.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Dawes_Act_of_1887.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Dawes_Commission.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Dawes_Rolls.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Denaturalization.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Dennis_Bushyhead.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Dennis_N._Cooley.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Diane_Watson.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Disfranchisement.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Dred_Scott.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Elias_Boudinot_(Cherokee).
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Elias_Cornelius_Boudinot.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Emancipate.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Emancipation.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Emancipation_Proclamation.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink English_colonial_empire.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink English_overseas_possessions.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Ex_parte_Young.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink File:Freedmen.jpg.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Five_Civilized_Tribes.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Fort_Gibson.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Freedman.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Freedmen.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Freedmens_Bureau.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Indian_Claims_Commission.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Indian_Claims_Commission_(United_States).
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Indian_Claims_Commission_Act_of_1946.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Indian_Slavery.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Indian_Territory.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Indian_agent.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink John_B._Sanborn.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink John_Ross_(Cherokee_chief).
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Joseph_Vann.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Kern-Clifton_roll.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Lenape.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Lighthorse_(American_Indian_police).
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Major_Ridge.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Muskogee,_Oklahoma.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink National_Congress_of_American_Indians.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Native_American_Housing_and_Self-Determination_Act.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Native_American_recognition_in_the_United_States.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Naturalization.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Oklahoma.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Plantations_in_the_American_South.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Planter_(plantation_owner).
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink President_of_the_United_States.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Reconstruction_Treaties.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Return_J._Meigs,_Sr..
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Ross_Swimmer.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Self-determination.
- Cherokee_freedmen_controversy wikiPageWikiLink Seminole.