Matches in DBpedia 2016-04 for { <http://dbpedia.org/resource/Action_potential> ?p ?o }
- Action_potential abstract "In physiology, an action potential is a short-lasting event in which the electrical membrane potential of a cell rapidly rises and falls, following a consistent trajectory. Action potentials occur in several types of animal cells, called excitable cells, which include neurons, muscle cells, and endocrine cells, as well as in some plant cells. In neurons, they play a central role in cell-to-cell communication. In other types of cells, their main function is to activate intracellular processes. In muscle cells, for example, an action potential is the first step in the chain of events leading to contraction. In beta cells of the pancreas, they provoke release of insulin. Action potentials in neurons are also known as \"nerve impulses\" or \"spikes\", and the temporal sequence of action potentials generated by a neuron is called its \"spike train\". A neuron that emits an action potential is often said to \"fire\".Action potentials are generated by special types of voltage-gated ion channels embedded in a cell's plasma membrane. These channels are shut when the membrane potential is near the resting potential of the cell, but they rapidly begin to open if the membrane potential increases to a precisely defined threshold value. When the channels open (in response to depolarization in transmembrane voltage), they allow an inward flow of sodium ions, which changes the electrochemical gradient, which in turn produces a further rise in the membrane potential. This then causes more channels to open, producing a greater electric current across the cell membrane, and so on. The process proceeds explosively until all of the available ion channels are open, resulting in a large upswing in the membrane potential. The rapid influx of sodium ions causes the polarity of the plasma membrane to reverse, and the ion channels then rapidly inactivate. As the sodium channels close, sodium ions can no longer enter the neuron, and then they are actively transported back out of the plasma membrane. Potassium channels are then activated, and there is an outward current of potassium ions, returning the electrochemical gradient to the resting state. After an action potential has occurred, there is a transient negative shift, called the afterhyperpolarization or refractory period, due to additional potassium currents. This mechanism prevents an action potential from traveling back the way it just came.In animal cells, there are two primary types of action potentials. One type is generated by voltage-gated sodium channels, the other by voltage-gated calcium channels. Sodium-based action potentials usually last for under one millisecond, whereas calcium-based action potentials may last for 100 milliseconds or longer. In some types of neurons, slow calcium spikes provide the driving force for a long burst of rapidly emitted sodium spikes. In cardiac muscle cells, on the other hand, an initial fast sodium spike provides a \"primer\" to provoke the rapid onset of a calcium spike, which then produces muscle contraction.".
- Action_potential thumbnail Action_Potential.gif?width=300.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink CAPindex.html.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink 4402001.html.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink cese.sourceforge.net.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink chapter01.html.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink ~hvg2s.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink apneuron.html.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink index.html.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink actionp.html.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink channel.html.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink action_potential_cartoon.swf.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink bv.fcgi?rid=neurosci.section.326.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink www.nernstgoldman.physiology.arizona.edu.
- Action_potential wikiPageExternalLink electrotonic-action%20potential.
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- Action_potential wikiPageRevisionID "705256357".
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Acetabularia.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Acetylcholine.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Acetylcholinesterase.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Affinity_chromatography.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Afterhyperpolarization.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Alessandro_Volta.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Algae.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink All-or-none_law.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Amacrine_cell.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Amplitude.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Andrew_Huxley.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Animal.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Anode_break_excitation.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Antidromic.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Artificial_neural_network.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Atrioventricular_node.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Atrium_(heart).
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Axon.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Axon_hillock.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Axon_terminal.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Battery_(electricity).
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Bernard_Katz.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Bert_Sakmann.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Bertil_Hille.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Beta_blocker.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Beta_cell.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Bipolar_neuron.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Botulinum_toxin.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Botulism.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Bundle_of_His.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Bursting.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cable_theory.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Calcium.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Calcium_imaging.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Camillo_Golgi.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Capacitance.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cardiac_action_potential.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cardiac_arrhythmia.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cardiac_muscle_cell.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cardiac_pacemaker.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Carlo_Matteucci.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cellular_neuroscience.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Cellular_processes.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Computational_neuroscience.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Electrochemistry.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Electrophysiology.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Membrane_biology.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Nervous_system.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Category:Neural_coding.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cell_(biology).
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cell_membrane.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cell_nucleus.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Central_nervous_system.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Central_pattern_generator.
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- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Chloride.
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- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Computational_model.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Connexon.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Cryo-electron_microscopy.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink David_E._Goldman.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Dendrite.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Dendritic_spine.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Dendrotoxin.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Depolarization.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Diazinon.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Differential_equation.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Digital_electronics.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Dinoflagellate.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Direct_current.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Dynamical_system.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink EOSFET.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Ear.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Electric_eel.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Electrical_excitability.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Electrical_synapse.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Electrode.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Electrotonic_potential.
- Action_potential wikiPageWikiLink Emil_du_Bois-Reymond.