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- Q7830395 subject Q8300428.
- Q7830395 subject Q9448303.
- Q7830395 abstract "Toxication or toxification is conversion of chemical compounds into more toxic forms in living organisms or in substrates such as soil or water. The conversion can be caused by enzymatic metabolism in the organisms, as well as by abiotic chemical reactions. While the metabolites are usually less active, both the parent drug and its metabolite can be chemically active and cause toxicity, leading to further mutagenesis, teratogenesis, and carcinogenesis. Different classes of enzymes, such as P450-monooxygenases, epoxide hydrolase, acetyltransferases can catalyze the process in the cell, mostly in the liver cell. Parent non-toxic chemicals are generally referred to as protoxins. While toxication is generally undesirable, in certain cases it is required for the in vivo conversion of a prodrug to a metabolite with desired pharmacological or toxicological activity. Codeine is an example of a prodrug, which is metabolized in the body to the opiate known as morphine.".
- Q7830395 thumbnail CYP3A4.png?width=300.
- Q7830395 wikiPageWikiLink Q1057.
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- Q7830395 wikiPageWikiLink Q1124842.
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- Q7830395 wikiPageWikiLink Q81225.
- Q7830395 wikiPageWikiLink Q8300428.
- Q7830395 wikiPageWikiLink Q9448303.
- Q7830395 comment "Toxication or toxification is conversion of chemical compounds into more toxic forms in living organisms or in substrates such as soil or water. The conversion can be caused by enzymatic metabolism in the organisms, as well as by abiotic chemical reactions. While the metabolites are usually less active, both the parent drug and its metabolite can be chemically active and cause toxicity, leading to further mutagenesis, teratogenesis, and carcinogenesis.".
- Q7830395 label "Toxication".
- Q7830395 depiction CYP3A4.png.