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- Q7163352 subject Q5914634.
- Q7163352 subject Q6645289.
- Q7163352 subject Q6903074.
- Q7163352 abstract "The Penn World Table (PWT) is a set of national-accounts data developed and maintained by scholars at the University of California, Davis and the Groningen Growth Development Centre of the University of Groningen to measure real GDP across countries and over time. Successive updates have added countries (currently 167), years (1950-2011), and data on capital, productivity, employment and population. The current version of the database, version 8.1, thus allows for comparisons of relative GDP per capita, as a measure of standard of living, the productive capacity of economies and their productivity level. Compared to other databases, such as the World Bank's World Development Indicators, the time period covered is larger and there is more data that is useful for comparing productivity across countries and over time.A common practice for comparing GDPs across countries has been to use exchange rates. However, this assumes that this relative price - based on traded products - is representative of all relatives prices in the economy, i.e. that it represents the purchasing power parity (PPP) of each currency. By contrast, PWT uses detailed prices within each country for different expenditure categories, regardless of whether the output is traded internationally (say, computers) or not (say, haircuts). These detailed prices are combined into an overall relative price level, typically referred to as the country's PPP. The detailed prices used to compute PPPs are based on data published by the World Bank as part of the International Comparison Program (ICP).An empirical finding documented extensively by PWT is the Penn effect, the finding that real GDP is substantially understated when using exchange rates instead of PPPs in comparing GDP across countries. The most common argument to explain this finding is the Balassa-Samuelson effect, which argues that as countries grow richer, productivity increases mostly in manufacturing and other traded activities. This drives up wages and thus prices of many (non-traded) services, increasing the overall price level of the economy. The result is that poorer countries, such as China, are shown to be much richer based on PPP-converted real GDP than based on exchange-rate-converted GDP.The database gets it name from the original developers at the University of Pennsylvania, Robert Summers, Irving Kravis and Alan Heston.".
- Q7163352 wikiPageExternalLink ICP_2011.html.
- Q7163352 wikiPageExternalLink www.ggdc.net.
- Q7163352 wikiPageExternalLink pwt.
- Q7163352 wikiPageExternalLink 2118089.
- Q7163352 wikiPageExternalLink 2232127.
- Q7163352 wikiPageExternalLink 4339.
- Q7163352 wikiPageExternalLink pwt.sas.upenn.edu.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q108977.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q12638.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q129421.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q1461050.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q1643839.
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- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q33829.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q350151.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q4706863.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q5054271.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q5914634.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q656365.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q66100.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q6645289.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q6903074.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q7164.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q7301159.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q7350148.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q8035640.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q8137.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q82135.
- Q7163352 wikiPageWikiLink Q850730.
- Q7163352 comment "The Penn World Table (PWT) is a set of national-accounts data developed and maintained by scholars at the University of California, Davis and the Groningen Growth Development Centre of the University of Groningen to measure real GDP across countries and over time. Successive updates have added countries (currently 167), years (1950-2011), and data on capital, productivity, employment and population.".
- Q7163352 label "Penn World Table".