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- Q557609 subject Q16777218.
- Q557609 subject Q6582393.
- Q557609 subject Q7010496.
- Q557609 subject Q7280457.
- Q557609 subject Q7925087.
- Q557609 subject Q7985533.
- Q557609 subject Q8356423.
- Q557609 subject Q8543436.
- Q557609 abstract "Template:Infobox monarchGaumata (GAUMAATA) or False Smerdis (ψευδὴς Σμέρδις) or Sphendadates (Σφενδαδάτης) (and various other names and aliases) appears in epigraphical and historiographical sources of classical antiquity as a late-6th century BCE Mede who usurped the Achaemenid throne by impersonating a member of the ruling family. The usurper is named 'Gaumata' in the Behistun inscription of Darius I, named '(false) Smerdis' in Herodotus' Histories, and is named 'Sphendadates' in the surviving fragments of Ctesias. Other sources have other names.This story was immensely popular in antiquity and later in Hellenistic times, and many versions of the tale circulated around the rim of the western Mediterranean. While the primary sources do not agree on the names and many other details, the three oldest surviving sources (Darius himself, Herodotus and Ctesias) all portray Gaumata/Pseudo-Smerdis/Sphendadates as an imposter who usurped the throne by posing as one of the sons of Cyrus (II), i.e. as one of the brothers of Cambyses. In Darius' trilingual Behistun inscription, the prince being impersonated is named 'Pirtiya' in Elamite, 'Bardiya' in Old Persian, and 'Barziya' in Akkadian. In the Histories, the prince and his imposter have the same name (Smerdis). For Ctesias, Sphendadates poses as 'Tanyoxarces'. Other Greek sources have various other names for the figure being impersonated, including 'Tanoxares', 'Mergis' and 'Mardos'.The three oldest surviving sources also agree that Gaumata/Pseudo-Smerdis/Sphendadates is overthrown by Darius and others in a coup d'état, and that Darius then ascends the throne. Most sources (including Darius himself, Herodotus and Ctesias) have Darius as part of a group of seven conspirators. In Greek and Latin sources, Darius subsequently gains kingship by cheating in a contest.The evaluation of the primary sources has been cause for much disagreement in modern scholarship. While there is agreement that Darius seized the throne through a coup d'état, there is dissent over whether Gaumata/Pseudo-Smerdis/Sphendadates was in fact an imposter, or whether Darius merely made him out to be one. The key argument against a fabrication is that there is no evidence for it. The key argument for a fabrication is that Darius had reason to invent the story since he had no particular rights to the throne.".
- Q557609 predecessor Q182483.
- Q557609 successor Q44387.
- Q557609 thumbnail Kermanshah-bisotoun_inscription.jpg?width=300.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q1136723.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q1236243.
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- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q1645483.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q1673835.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q16777218.
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- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q182483.
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- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q389688.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q44387.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q45382.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q486761.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q6582393.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q7010496.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q713782.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q7280457.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q746583.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q7925087.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q7985533.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q8356423.
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- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q8543436.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q8735.
- Q557609 wikiPageWikiLink Q909.
- Q557609 name "Gaumata/Smerdis/Sphendadates".
- Q557609 predecessor Q182483.
- Q557609 successor Q44387.
- Q557609 type Person.
- Q557609 type Agent.
- Q557609 type Monarch.
- Q557609 type Person.
- Q557609 type Agent.
- Q557609 type NaturalPerson.
- Q557609 type Thing.
- Q557609 type Q116.
- Q557609 type Q215627.
- Q557609 type Q5.
- Q557609 type Person.
- Q557609 comment "Template:Infobox monarchGaumata (GAUMAATA) or False Smerdis (ψευδὴς Σμέρδις) or Sphendadates (Σφενδαδάτης) (and various other names and aliases) appears in epigraphical and historiographical sources of classical antiquity as a late-6th century BCE Mede who usurped the Achaemenid throne by impersonating a member of the ruling family.".
- Q557609 label "Gaumata".
- Q557609 depiction Kermanshah-bisotoun_inscription.jpg.
- Q557609 name "Gaumata/Smerdis/Sphendadates".